Identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) influencing early vigour, height, flowering date, and seed size and their implications for breeding of narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.)
Jeffrey G. Boersma A B D , Chengdao Li A , Karolina Leśniewska C , Krishnapillai Sivasithamparam B and Huaan Yang AA Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, 3 Baron-Hay Court, South Perth, WA 6151, Australia.
B School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
C Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Structural Genomics, Strzeszyńska 34 60-479, Poznań, Poland.
D Corresponding author. Email: jboersma@uoguelph.ca
Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 59(6) 527-535 https://doi.org/10.1071/AR07205
Submitted: 26 May 2007 Accepted: 21 January 2008 Published: 10 June 2008
Abstract
We report the first quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapped in an F8 recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of Lupinus angustifolius. Traits mapped were early vigour, days to flowering, height at maturity, and seed size. Twenty-two QTLs were found, located on 13 linkage groups, with alleles beneficial to the crop contributed by both parents. Early vigour was controlled by 8 QTLs on 7 linkage groups. Time to flowering was controlled by 10 QTLs and the height at maturity was found to be under the control of 4 QTLs. Seed size was linked to 2 QTLs. A region linked to the Ku gene that promotes early flowering by removal of the vernalisation requirement appeared to play a role in all 4 traits. The gene mollis controlling soft-seededness appeared to also be linked to early vigour, and iucundis controlling alkaloid production was linked to seed size. Five pairs of QTLs were found to be involved in epistasis, 2 of these having an effect on early vigour and another 3 influencing the time to opening of the first florets. Variation explained for each trait ranged from 28% for seed size, to 88% for days to flowering. We showed that it was possible to use these data to predict genotypes of superior progeny for these traits under Mediterranean conditions. QTL regions were compared on a second published linkage map and regions of conserved synteny with the model legume Medicago truncatula highlighted.
Additional keyword: molecular marker.
Acknowledgments
We acknowledge the help of Mr D. Renshaw in seed preparation, sowing and plant observations. We thank Dr M. Nelson for inclusion of data from collaborative work with the senior author (JGB) of this paper. Marker mtmtGEN00024041 was developed as part of the Sixth European Framework Programme ‘New strategies to improve grain legumes for food and feed’.
Boersma JG,
Pallotta M,
Li C,
Buirchell BJ,
Sivasithamparam K, Yang H
(2005) Construction of a genetic linkage map using MFLP and identification of molecular markers linked to domestication genes in narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.). Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters 10, 331–344.
| PubMed |
Börner A,
Schumann E,
Fürste A,
Cöster H,
Leithold B,
Röder M, Weber W
(2002) Mapping of quantitative trait loci determining agronomic important characters in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Theoretical and Applied Genetics 105, 921–936.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | PubMed |
Farrington P, Gladstones JS
(1974) Effect of genotype on yield of narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) and sandplain lupin (Lupinus cosentinii). Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 14, 742–748.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Gladstones JS
(1958) The influence of temperature and humidity in storage on seed viability and hard-seededness in the West Australian blue lupin, Lupinus digitatus Forsk. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 9, 171–181.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Gladstones JS
(1967) Selection for economic characters in Lupinus angustifolius and L. digitatus. 1. Non-shattering pods. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 7, 360–366.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Gladstones JS
(1970) Lupins as crop plants. Field Crop Abstracts 23, 123–148.
Gladstones JS, Hill GD
(1969) Selection for economic characters in Lupinus angustifolius and L. digitatus. 2. Time of flowering. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 9, 213–220.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Hackbarth J, von Sengbusch R
(1934) The inheritance of alkaloid freedom in Lupinus luteus and Lupinus angustifolius. Züchter 6, 249–255 [In German].
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Huang XQ,
Cöster H,
Ganal MW, Röder M
(2003) Advanced backcross QTL analysis for the identification of quantitative trait alleles from wild relatives of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Theoretical and Applied Genetics 106, 1379–1389.
| PubMed |
Kress H
(1964) On the position and perspective of lupin breeding in the GDR. Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Karl-Marx-Universität, Leipzig 13, 638–690 [In German].
Manly KF,
Cudmore RH, Meer JM
(2001) MapManager QTX, cross-platform software for genetic mapping. Mammalian Genome 12, 930–932.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | PubMed |
Moore G,
deVos KM,
Wang Z, Gale MD
(1995) Cereal genome evolution — grasses, line up and form a circle. Current Biology 5, 737–739.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | PubMed |
Nelson MN,
Phan HTT,
Ellwood SR,
Moolhuijzen PM, Bellgard M , et al.
(2006) The first gene-based map of Lupinus angustifolius L. — location of domestication genes and conserved synteny with Medicago truncatula. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 113, 225–238.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | PubMed |
Oram RN
(1983) Selection for higher seed yield in the presence of the deleterious low alkaloid allele iucundis in Lupinus angustifolius L. Field Crops Research 7, 169–180.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Paterson AH,
Lander ES,
Hewitt JD,
Peterson S,
Lincoln SE, Tanksley SD
(1988) Resolution of quantitative traits into Mendelian factors, using a complete linkage map of restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Nature 335, 721–726.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | PubMed |
Quarrie SA,
Steed A,
Calestani C,
Semikhodskii A, Lebreton C , et al.
(2005) A high-density genetic map of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from the cross Chinese Spring × SQ1 and its use to compare QTLs for grain yield across a range of environments. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 110, 865–880.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | PubMed |
Quinlivan BJ
(1961) The effect of constant and fluctuating temperatures on the permeability of the hard seeds of some legume species. Journal of Agricultural Research 12, 1009–1022.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Quinlivan BJ
(1967) Environmental variation in the long term pattern of hard seeds of Lupinus varius. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 7, 263–265.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Quinlivan BJ
(1968) The softening of hard seeds of sand-plain lupin (Lupinus varius L.). Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 19, 507–515.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Rahman MS, Gladstones JS
(1972) Control of lupin flower initiation by vernalization photoperiod and temperature under controlled environment. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 12, 638–645.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Tanksley SD
(1993) Mapping polygenes. Annual Review of Genetics 27, 205–233.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | PubMed |
von Sengbusch R
(1930) Lupins low in bitter substances. Züchter 2, 1–2.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
von Sengbusch R
(1931) Low alkaloid lupins. 2. Züchter 3, 93–109.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
von Sengbusch R
(1938) The breeding of sweet lupins. The Herbage Review 6, 64–71.
von Sengbusch R
(1942) Sweet lupins and oil lupins: the history of the origin of some new crop plants. Landwirtschaftliche Jajrbücher 91, 719 [In German].
Yang J, Zhu J
(2005) Methods for predicting superior genotypes under multiple environments based on QTL effects. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 110, 1268–1274.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | PubMed |
Young ND
(1996) QTL mapping and quantitative disease resistance in plants. Annual Review of Phytopathology 34, 479–501.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | PubMed |
