Expression and relationships of resistance to white rust (Albugo candida) at cotyledonary, seedling, and flowering stages in Brassica juncea germplasm from Australia, China, and India
C. X. Li A , K. Sivasithamparam B , G. Walton C , P. Salisbury D , W. Burton E , Surinder S. Banga F , Shashi Banga F , C. Chattopadhyay G , A. Kumar G , R. Singh H , D. Singh H , A. Agnohotri I , S. Y. Liu J , Y. C. Li J , T. D. Fu K , Y. F. Wang L and M. J. Barbetti A C MA School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
B School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
C Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, Baron-Hay Court, South Perth, WA 6151, Australia.
D School of Agriculture and Food Systems, The University of Melbourne, Vic. 3010, Australia.
E Primary Industries Research Victoria, Natimuk Rd, Horsham, Vic. 3401, Australia.
F Department of Plant Breeding, Genetics & Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India.
G National Research Centre on Rapeseed–Mustard, Sewar, Bharatpur 321303, India.
H Oilseeds Section, C.C.S. Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India.
I The Energy and Resources Institute, Lodhi Rd, New Delhi 110003, India.
J Institute of Oil Crops Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, P.R. China.
K The National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China.
L Institute of Industrial Crops, Urumqi, P.R. China.
M Corresponding author. Email: mbarbett@cyllene.uwa.edu.au
Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58(3) 259-264 https://doi.org/10.1071/AR06237
Submitted: 14 July 2006 Accepted: 11 December 2006 Published: 16 March 2007
Abstract
White rust (Albugo candida) is a highly destructive disease of oilseed Brassicas such as Brassica juncea and B. rapa. Most commercial B. juncea or B. rapa varieties are highly susceptible and yield losses from combined infection of leaves and inflorescences can be up to 20% or 60% in Australia and India, respectively. In Australia, canola-quality B. juncea has been developed to extend oilseed Brassica production into lower rainfall areas, with the first commercial B. juncea canola-quality variety planned for release in 2006. It is essential to identify useful sources of host resistance in B. juncea as breeding and/or selection of material for resistance is the most cost-effective method of delivering control for farmers. Three experiments were undertaken under controlled-environmental conditions to identify the best methods of characterising host resistance and to identify sources of resistance in B. juncea germplasm from Australia, China, and India. Forty-four B. juncea genotypes, viz. 22 from India, 12 from Australia, and 10 from China, were tested. Four Chinese genotypes (CBJ-001, CBJ-002, CBJ-003, CBJ-004) and one Australian genotype (JR049) consistently showed high resistance to A. candida across the different plant growth stages against a pathotype prevailing in Australia. Similarly, the most susceptible genotypes (viz. Indian genotypes RH781, RL1359, RH819) were extremely susceptible irrespective of the plant growth stage. Overall, although disease severity on cotyledons and leaves at the different growth stages was significantly and positively correlated, there was, however, no significant correlation between the number of stagheads and any of the other disease parameters measured. Our study demonstrates that controlled-environmental conditions are suitable for rapid identification of resistant genotypes and that genotypes with high levels of resistance can be reliably identified at the cotyledonary, seedling, or flowering stages.
Additional keywords: Indian mustard, host resistance, staghead, white blister.
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