Minimising cold damage during reproductive development among temperate rice genotypes. II. Genotypic variation and flowering traits related to cold tolerance screening
T. C. Farrell A D , K. M. Fox B , R. L. Williams C , S. Fukai A and L. G. Lewin BA School of Land and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
B NSW Department of Primary Industries, Yanco, NSW 2703, Australia.
C National University of East Timor, Dili, East Timor.
D Corresponding author. Email: tim.farrell@uq.edu.au
Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57(1) 89-100 https://doi.org/10.1071/AR05186
Submitted: 27 May 2005 Accepted: 3 November 2005 Published: 30 January 2006
Abstract
Low temperature during microspore development increases spikelet sterility and reduces grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.). The objectives of this study were to determine genotypic variation in spikelet sterility in the field in response to low temperature and then to examine the use of physio-morphological traits at flowering to screen for cold tolerance. Multiple-sown field experiments were conducted over 4 consecutive years in the rice-growing region of Australia to increase the likelihood of encountering low temperature during microspore development. More than 50 cultivars of various origins were evaluated, with 7 cultivars common to all 4 years. The average minimum temperature for 9 days during microspore development was used as a covariate in the analysis to compare cultivars at a similar temperature. The low-temperature conditions in Year 4 identified cold-tolerant cultivars such as Hayayuki and HSC55 and susceptible cultivars such as Sasanishiki and Doongara. After low temperature conditions, spikelet sterility was negatively correlated with the number of engorged pollen grains, anther length, anther area, anther width, and stigma area. The number of engorged pollen grains and anther length were found to be facultative traits as their relationships with spikelet sterility were identified only after cold water exposure and did not exist under non-stressed conditions.
Additional keyword: selection.
Acknowledgment
This work was funded by the Cooperative Research Centre for Sustainable Rice Production.
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