The role of animal products in balancing food baskets for Laos and the Pacific islands of Samoa and Vanuatu to minimise caloric and hidden hunger: a review

P. C. Wynn; D. Kongmanila; S. Bani; F. Pasefika-Seuao

doi:10.1071/AN24042

REVIEW (Open Access)

Previous Next Contents Vol 64(13)

The role of animal products in balancing food baskets for Laos and the Pacific islands of Samoa and Vanuatu to minimise caloric and hidden hunger: a review

P. C. Wynn

^A ^* , D. Kongmanila ^B , S. Bani ^C and F. Pasefika-Seuao ^D

+ Author Affiliations

- Author Affiliations

^A Gulbali Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia.

^B Faculty of Agriculture, National University of Laos, Vientiane, Lao PDR.

^C Department of Livestock, Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries, Forestry and Biosecurity Vanuatu Government, Port Vila, Vanuatu.

^D Animal Production and Health Division, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Apia, Samoa.

^* Correspondence to: pwynn@csu.edu.au

Handling Editor: Kris Angkanaporn

Animal Production Science 64, AN24042 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN24042

Submitted: 6 February 2024 Accepted: 24 July 2024 Published: 20 August 2024

© 2024 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)

Abstract

The ability of farming communities worldwide to provide balanced diets for the growing world population is enunciated clearly in the second of the United Nation’s sustainable development goals, namely ‘End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture’. Success will be dependent on our ability to preserve the economic sustainability of livestock production in small-holder farming systems which will require regenerative approaches to reverse land degradation and retain biodiversity. Animal products are important components of world food baskets because their nutrient profile most closely resembles the dietary requirements of mankind. Key micronutrients, including iron, vitamin A, vitamin B12, zinc and iodine, are more readily available from animal-sourced foods, which are critical for a balanced diet for those with higher nutrient requirements such as growing children and pregnant and lactating women. The developing Asian economy of Laos, together with that of the Pacific Island nations of Vanuatu and Samoa provide some interesting contrasts in servicing the nutritional needs of their predominantly rural populations as their respective governments address the issues of undernutrition and hidden hunger. The paper explores some of the challenges that governments face in sustaining resilient animal production to supply essential nutrients for food baskets across our region. These include the broader contexts of resource availability, education, cultural traditions, socioeconomic status, gender equality and women’s empowerment.

Keywords: animal products, farmers, food baskets, global warming, green-house gas, hidden hunger, micronutrients, small holder, sustainability.

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