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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Dietary supplementation with tryptophan increases the plasma concentrations of tryptophan, kynurenine, and melatonin in Yili mares

Wenjie Zhang A # , Guodong Zhao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-5764 A # , Xiaobin Li A , Ming Han A , Shiqi Zhang A , Haifeng Deng B and Kailun Yang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3192-6231 A # *
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Meat & Milk Production Herbivore Nutrition, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, People’s Republic of China.

B Zhaosu Horse Farm of Xinjiang Yili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Zhaosu 835600, People’s Republic of China.

* Correspondence to: yangkailun2002@aliyun.com
# These authors contributed equally to this paper

Handling Editor: Chris Rogers

Animal Production Science 64, AN23113 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN23113
Submitted: 27 March 2023  Accepted: 18 October 2023  Published: 16 November 2023

© 2024 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing

Abstract

Context

Tryptophan (Trp) is the precursor of melatonin (MT) and the latter plays vital physiological roles in mares.

Aims

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dietary Trp supplementation on the plasma Trp, kynurenine (Kyn), 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HT), and melatonin (MT) concentrations in female Yili horses.

Methods

Twenty Yili mares aged 2 years with mean bodyweight (BW) of 263.5 ± 14.77 kg and of similar stature were selected and randomly allocated to the control (CON; basal diet), basal diet plus Trp at 20 mg/kg BW (TRP1), basal diet plus Trp at 40 mg/kg BW (TRP2), or basal diet plus Trp at 60 mg/kg BW (TRP3) group.

Key results

The plasma total Trp, Kyn, and MT concentrations in all Trp groups steadily increased, reached their peak values, and gradually decreased after Trp supplementation between 0 h and 12 h. However, the plasma 5-HT concentration displayed the opposite trend. Peak plasma total Trp and 5-HT concentrations were attained between 1 h and 3 h, while those of KYN and MT appeared between 4 h and 6 h after Trp supplementation. The plasma total Trp and Kyn concentrations were significantly higher in TRP2 and TRP3 than in CON between 1 h and 12 h (P < 0.05) after Trp supplementation. The plasma 5-HT concentration was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in TRP1 than in CON at 3 h, 4 h, 6 h, 9 h, and 12 h after Trp supplementation. The plasma MT concentrations in TRP1 and TRP2 were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than in CON at 3 h, 4 h, and 12 h, and at 0 h, 1 h, and 12 h after Trp supplementation (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Dietary Trp supplementation can increase the plasma total Trp, Kyn, and MT concentrations in Yili mares and the optimal Trp dosage was 20 mg/kg BW.

Implication

The addition of Trp to a basal diet or feed may increase the plasma total Trp, Kyn, and MT concentrations in female horses.

Keywords: 5-hydroxytryptophan, growth performance, kynurenine, melatonin, plasma concentration, supplementation, tryptophan, Yili mares.

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