Replacement of choline chloride with a plant source of choline in broiler chicken diets
Allan Gabriel Ferreira Dias
A * , Nadja Susana Mogyca Leandro A , José Henrique Stringhini A , João Marcos Monteiro Batista A , Julio Cesar Lopes Brasileiro A , Ana Paula Iglesias Santin B , Veridiana Maria Brianezi Dignani Moura B and Marcos Barcellos Café A
A Departament of Animal Science, School of Veterinary and Zootechny, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
B Pathology Animal Sector, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary and Zootechny, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
Animal Production Science 63(5) 463-470 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN22205
Submitted: 26 May 2022 Accepted: 3 October 2022 Published: 8 November 2022
© 2023 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing
Abstract
Context: Choline is an essential nutrient in broiler diets, and its supplementation is traditionally made using choline chloride, a synthetic ingredient that is difficult to handle and store because of its hygroscopicity. A natural choline alternative may have benefits for feed manufacturing and broiler performance.
Aim: The objective of the present study was to examine the use of a plant source of choline to replace choline chloride in broiler diets.
Methods: Male Cobb broilers (n = 1120) were reared from Day 1 to Day 42 in boxes in an industrial shed and fed isonutritive diets based on maize and soybean meal. The experimental design was completely randomised with four treatments, eight replicates and 35 birds per replicate. Treatments were: control, choline source 100% choline chloride; and replacement of 25%, 50% and 100% of choline chloride with herbal choline. Herbal choline was derived from Ocimum sanctum, Andrographis paniculata, Silybum marianum, Glycine max and Azadirachta indica. Production performance, carcass and cut yields (at Day 42), feathering score and serum biochemical parameters were evaluated.
Key results: There were no differences among the treatments for weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, viability, or carcass and cut yields. However, lot uniformity improved when 100% herbal choline replaced choline chloride. There was no difference among treatments for feathering score, but feather percentage (at Day 42) was highest in treatments with herbal choline associated with choline chloride (25:75 or 50:50). The 100% herbal choline treatment resulted in lower concentration of serum low-density lipoprotein at Days 21 and 42.
Conclusions: Herbal choline can fully replace choline chloride in broiler diets.
Implications: Use of plant choline in broiler diets reduces ingredient losses and improves chicken health by reducing serum low-density lipoprotein.
Keywords: body weight, carcass, cholesterol, feathering, feed conversion ratio, herbal extract, serum biochemical, uniformity.
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