Dietary supplementation with protected calcium effects production and egg quality of Hy-line brown laying hens
H. Shi A , K. Y. Lee A and I. H. Kim A B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam 31116, South Korea.
B Corresponding author. Email: inhokim@dankook.ac.kr
Animal Production Science 60(15) 1793-1799 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN19017
Submitted: 17 January 2019 Accepted: 29 February 2020 Published: 19 May 2020
Abstract
Context: Currently, the commonly used dietary calcium sources are not sufficiently bioavailable to be used for eggshell formation or bone health in laying hens. Protected calcium, a blend of calcium and medium-chain fatty acids with matrix coating, may exert an effective absorption and metabolism ability for calcium consumption in the laying hen.
Aims: The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of protected-calcium supplementation on egg production, egg quality, and serum calcium and phosphorus concentrations in laying hens.
Methods: In total, 144 Hy-line brown laying hens (25 weeks old) were randomly allotted to three treatments (8 replicates with 6 hens, 1 hen per cage) in a 10-week trial. Treatments consisted of corn–wheat–soybean meal-based basal diet with limestone (coarse limestone : fine limestone = 50 : 50) as a calcium source (CON) or basal diet supplemented with 0.5% (P1) or 1% (P2) protected calcium in substitution for an equal quantity of coarse limestone. Data were statistically analysed using linear and quadratic contrast with the GLM procedure of SAS. Probability values of <0.05 indicate significance.
Key results: At Weeks 31–33 and 35, the cracked-egg rates were lower in the P1 and P2 groups than in the CON group (P < 0.05; linear, P < 0.05) and, at Weeks 29 and 34, the cracked-egg rates in the P2 group were also significantly (P < 0.05) decreased. At Weeks 26, 30 and 32, the Haugh units in the P2 group were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those in the CON group. In addition, eggshell strength was increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the P2 group at Weeks 26, 27 and 31–35. The serum calcium concentration of the P2 group was significantly (P < 0.05) greater than that of the CON group in the morning.
Conclusions: In conclusion, a replacement of limestone with 1% protected calcium can increase eggshell quality.
Implications: Protected-calcium supplementation can be used in practice for decreasing the breakage of eggs.
Additional keywords: calcium concentration, cracked-egg rate, phosphorus concentration.
References
Ahmad HA, Balander RJ (2003) Alternative feeding regime of calcium source and phosphorus level for better eggshell quality in commercial layers. Journal of Applied Poultry Research 12, 509–514.| Alternative feeding regime of calcium source and phosphorus level for better eggshell quality in commercial layers.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
An SH, Kim DW, An BK (2016) Effects of dietary calcium levels on productive performance, eggshell quality and overall calcium status in aged laying hens. Asian–Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 29, 1477–1482.
| Effects of dietary calcium levels on productive performance, eggshell quality and overall calcium status in aged laying hens.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 26954217PubMed |
Arpasova H, Halaj M, Halaj P (2010) Eggshell quality and calcium utilization in feed of hens in repeated laying cycles. Czech Journal of Animal Science 55, 66–74.
| Eggshell quality and calcium utilization in feed of hens in repeated laying cycles.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Bronner F, Pansu P (1999) Nutritional aspects of calcium absorption. The Journal of Nutrition 129, 9–12.
| Nutritional aspects of calcium absorption.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 9915868PubMed |
Chen YC, Chen TC (2004) Mineral utilization in layers as influence by dietary oligofructose and insulin. International Journal of Poultry Science 3, 442–445.
| Mineral utilization in layers as influence by dietary oligofructose and insulin.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Cufadar Y, Olgun O, Yildiz AO (2011) The effect of dietary calcium concentration and particle size on performance, eggshell quality, bone mechanical properties and tibia mineral contents in moulted laying hens. British Poultry Science 52, 761–768.
| The effect of dietary calcium concentration and particle size on performance, eggshell quality, bone mechanical properties and tibia mineral contents in moulted laying hens.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 22221242PubMed |
Ganjigohari S, Ziaei N, Ramzani Ghara A, Tasharrofi S (2017) Effects of nanocalcium carbonate on egg production performance and plasma calcium of laying hens. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 102, 1–8.
Kerschnitzki M, Zander T, Zaslansky P, Fratzl P, Shahar R, Wagermaier W (2014) Rapid alterations of avian medullary bone material during the daily egg-laying cycle. Bone 69, 109–117.
| Rapid alterations of avian medullary bone material during the daily egg-laying cycle.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 25204794PubMed |
Keshavarz K (1998) Further investigations on the effect of dietary manipulation of protein, phosphorus and calcium for reducing their daily requirements for laying hens. Poultry Science 77, 1333–1346.
| Further investigations on the effect of dietary manipulation of protein, phosphorus and calcium for reducing their daily requirements for laying hens.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 9733121PubMed |
Keshavarz K (2003) A comparison between cholecalciferol and 25-OH-cholecalciferol on performance and eggshell quality of hens fed different levels of calcium and phosphorus. Poultry Science 82, 1415–1422.
| A comparison between cholecalciferol and 25-OH-cholecalciferol on performance and eggshell quality of hens fed different levels of calcium and phosphorus.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 12967255PubMed |
Kuhl HJ, Holder DP, Sullivan TW (1977) Influence of dietary calcium level, source and particle size on performance of laying chickens. Poultry Science 56, 605–611.
| Influence of dietary calcium level, source and particle size on performance of laying chickens.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Leblebicioglu B, Connors J, Mariotti A (2013) Principles of endocrinology. Periodontology 61, 54–68.
| Principles of endocrinology.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Leeson S, Summers DJ (1987) Effect of dietary calcium levels near the time of sexual maturity on water intake and excreta moisture content. Poultry Science 66, 1918–1923.
| Effect of dietary calcium levels near the time of sexual maturity on water intake and excreta moisture content.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 3452212PubMed |
Lichovnikova M (2007) The effect of dietary calcium source, concentration and particle size on calcium retention, eggshell quality and overall calcium requirement in laying hens. British Poultry Science 48, 71–75.
| The effect of dietary calcium source, concentration and particle size on calcium retention, eggshell quality and overall calcium requirement in laying hens.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 17364543PubMed |
Lukić M, Pavlovski Z, Škrbić Z (2009) Mineral nutrition of modern poultry genotypes. Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry 25, 399–409.
| Mineral nutrition of modern poultry genotypes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Mazzuco H, Hester PY (2005) The effect of an induced molt and a second cycle of lay on skeletal integrity of White Leghorns. Poultry Science 84, 771–781.
| The effect of an induced molt and a second cycle of lay on skeletal integrity of White Leghorns.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 15913190PubMed |
Nascimento GR, Murakami AE, Guerra AFQM, Ospinas-Rojas IC, Ferreira MFZ, Fanhani JC (2014) Effect of different vitamin D sources and calcium levels in the diet of layers in the second layer cycle. Revista Brasileira de Ciência Avícola 16, 37–42.
| Effect of different vitamin D sources and calcium levels in the diet of layers in the second layer cycle.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
NRC (1994) ‘Nutrient requirements of poultry.’ 9th revised edn. (National Academies Press: Washington, DC)
Pastore SM, Gomes PC, Rostagno HS, Albino LFT, Calderano AA, Vellasco CR, Viana GDV, de Almeida RL (2012) Calcium levels and calcium: available phosphorus ratios in diets for white egg layers from 42 to 58 weeks of age. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 41, 2424–2432.
| Calcium levels and calcium: available phosphorus ratios in diets for white egg layers from 42 to 58 weeks of age.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Pavlovski Z, Vitorovic D, Lukic M, Spasojevic I (2003) Improving eggshell quality by replacement of pulverised limestone by granular limestone in the hen diet. Acta Veterinaria 53, 35–40.
| Improving eggshell quality by replacement of pulverised limestone by granular limestone in the hen diet.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Pavlovski Z, Škrbić Z, Lukić M, Vitorović D, Lilić S, Petričević V (2012) Shell quality: everlasting problem in the today poultry science. Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry 28, 393–404.
| Shell quality: everlasting problem in the today poultry science.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Pelicia K, Garcia E, Móri C, Faitarone ABG, Silva AP, Molino AB, Vercese F, Berto DA (2009) Calcium levels and limestone particle size in the diet of commercial layers at the end of the first production cycle. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science 11, 87–94.
| Calcium levels and limestone particle size in the diet of commercial layers at the end of the first production cycle.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Pelicia K, Mourao JLM, Garcia EA, Pinheiro VMC, Berto DA, Molino AB, Faitarone ABG, Vercese F, Santos GC, Silva AP (2011) Effects of dietary calcium levels and limestone particle size on the performance, tibia and blood of laying hens. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science 13, 29–34.
| Effects of dietary calcium levels and limestone particle size on the performance, tibia and blood of laying hens.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Pizzolante CC, Saldanha ESPB, Laganá C, Kakimoto SK, Togashi CK (2009) Effects of calcium levels and limestone particle size on the egg quality of semi-heavy layers in their second production cycle. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science 11, 79–86.
| Effects of calcium levels and limestone particle size on the egg quality of semi-heavy layers in their second production cycle.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Rivoira MA, Marchionatti AM, Centeno VA, de Barboza GED, López MEP, de Talamoni NGT (2012) Sodium deoxycholate inhibits chick duodenal calcium absorption through oxidative stress and apoptosis. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular and Integrative Physiology 162, 397–405.
| Sodium deoxycholate inhibits chick duodenal calcium absorption through oxidative stress and apoptosis.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 22561666PubMed |
Roberts JR (2004) Factors affecting egg internal quality and egg shell quality in laying hens. Journal of Poultry Science 41, 161–177.
| Factors affecting egg internal quality and egg shell quality in laying hens.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Roland DA (1986) Eggshell quality IV: oyster shell versus limestone and the importance of particle size or solubility of calcium source. World’s Poultry Science Journal 42, 166–171.
| Eggshell quality IV: oyster shell versus limestone and the importance of particle size or solubility of calcium source.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Saunders-Blades JL, Macisaac JL, Korver DR, Anderson DM (2009) The effect of calcium source and particle size on the production performance and bone quality of laying hens. Poultry Science 88, 338–353.
| The effect of calcium source and particle size on the production performance and bone quality of laying hens.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 19151349PubMed |
Silversides FG, Korver DR, Budgell KL (2006) Effect of strain of layer and age at photostimulation on egg production, egg quality and bone strength. Poultry Science 85, 1136–1144.
| Effect of strain of layer and age at photostimulation on egg production, egg quality and bone strength.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 16830852PubMed |
Skřivan M, Englmaierová M, Skřivanová V (2010) Effect of different phosphorus levels on the performance and egg quality of laying hens fed wheat- and maize-based diets. Czech Journal of Animal Science 55, 420–427.
| Effect of different phosphorus levels on the performance and egg quality of laying hens fed wheat- and maize-based diets.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Tang JX, Huang KH, Guo XQ, Gao JZ (2005) Experimental studies on avian gout induced by dietary high calcium and high protein. Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science 25, 203–205.
Upadhaya SD, Lee KY, Kim IH (2014) Influence of protected organic acid blends and diets with different nutrient densities on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and faecal noxious gas emission in growing pigs. Veterinarni Medicina 59, 491–497.
| Influence of protected organic acid blends and diets with different nutrient densities on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and faecal noxious gas emission in growing pigs.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Valdés N, Cuca G, Pro M, González A, Suárez O (2011) Egg production, eggshell quality and profitability of laying hens during first cycle with levels of calcium and available phosphorus. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias 2, 69–83.
Wasserman RH (2004) Vitamin D and the dual processes of intestinal calcium absorption. The Journal of Nutrition 134, 3137–3139.
| Vitamin D and the dual processes of intestinal calcium absorption.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 15514288PubMed |
Whitehead CC (2004) Overview of bone biology in the egg-laying hen. Poultry Science 83, 193–199.
| Overview of bone biology in the egg-laying hen.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 14979569PubMed |
Zhang B, Caldas JV, Coon CN (2017) Effect of dietary calcium intake and limestone solubility on egg shell quality and bone parameters for aged laying hens. International Journal of Poultry Science 16, 132–138.
| Effect of dietary calcium intake and limestone solubility on egg shell quality and bone parameters for aged laying hens.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
