Low oxygen tension activates glucose metabolism, improves antioxidant capacity and augment developmental potential of ovine embryos in vitro
Ramesh Kumar G. A , Ashish Mishra A B , I. J. Reddy A , Arindam Dhali A and Sudhir C. Roy A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi,Bangalore 560 030, India.
B Corresponding author. Email: ashishvet1@gmail.com
Animal Production Science 60(4) 503-509 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN18713
Submitted: 6 December 2018 Accepted: 3 July 2019 Published: 4 February 2020
Abstract
Context: Oxygen (O2) is one of the most powerful regulators of embryo function. Nevertheless, most in vitro embryo production studies do not consider O2 as a determining factor.
Aim: The present study was designed to assess the effect of different O2 (5 and 20%) concentrations on the developmental ability and expression of genes related to cellular antioxidant functions and glucose metabolism in the in vitro produced ovine embryos.
Methods: In vitro sheep embryos were produced at different O2 (5 and 20%) concentrations as per the laboratory protocol. Developmental stages of embryos at different O2 concentrations were compared. Messenger RNA abundance of antioxidant and glucose metabolism genes in embryos produced at different O2 concentrations were compared.
Key results: No significant (P < 0.05) effect of different O2 concentrations on oocyte maturation and cleavage rate was observed. In contrast, significantly (P < 0.05) more number of morula and blastocysts were observed at 5 compared with 20%O2. The expression level of the genes related to antioxidant functions (GPX, SOD1, SOD2 and CAT) and glucose metabolism (G6PD and HPRT) were found significantly (P < 0.05) greater in the embryos generated with 5 compared with 20% O2. In contrast, the expression of GAPDH did not differ significantly (P < 0.05) between the groups.
Conclusions: Ovine embryos at 5%O2 generated low ROS and synthesised more GSH due to the activation of G6PD and GPX that in turn increased the antioxidant capability and developmental potential of the embryos.
Implications: Embryos at higher O2 concentration (20%) generated more reactive oxygen species (ROS) that caused oxidative damage to the embryos and in turn reduced their developmental ability and alter gene expression.
Additional keywords: embryo, gene expression, in vitro development.
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