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REVIEW

Manipulating the rumen microbiome to address challenges facing Australasian dairy farming

Catherine Stanton A B C F , Sinead Leahy D , Bill Kelly E , R. Paul Ross A B and Graeme Attwood D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61C996, Ireland.

B APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, P12YT20, Ireland.

C VISTAMILK SFI Centre, Teagasc, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61C996, Ireland.

D AgResearch Limited, Grasslands Research Centre, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand.

E Ashhurst, New Zealand.

F Corresponding author. Email: catherine.stanton@teagasc.ie

Animal Production Science 60(1) 36-45 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN18611
Submitted: 15 October 2018  Accepted: 13 June 2019   Published: 13 December 2019

Abstract

As dairy production systems expand globally, there is an increasing need to reduce the impact of dairy wastes on the environment by decreasing urinary N output and reducing emissions of green-house gasses (GHG). An understanding of rumen microbiome composition can result in the development of strategies that reduce methane emissions and nitrogen leakage, ultimately lowering the impact of dairying on the environment, while improving animal productivity. The strongest driver of the composition of the rumen microbiome was found to be the diet of the host animal. Thus, dietary manipulation offers a viable solution to alter the microbiome to address present-day challenges faced by the dairy industry. In the present review, we discuss such strategies and provide insight into rumen microbiome changes that have resulted in reduced GHG emissions and improved animal productivity.

Additional keywords: animal nutrition, methane, rumen microbiology.


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