Inclusion of yeast waste as a protein source to replace soybean meal in concentrate mixture on ruminal fermentation and gas kinetics using in vitro gas production technique
Anusorn Cherdthong A H , Rittikeard Prachumchai A , Chanadol Supapong A , Benjamad Khonkhaeng A , Metha Wanapat A , Suban Foiklang B , Nipa Milintawisamai C , Nirawan Gunun D , Pongsatorn Gunun E , Pin Chanjula F and Sineenart Polyorach GA Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
B Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Maejo University, Chiangmai 50290, Thailand.
C KSL Green Innovation Public Company Limited, Rajathevi 10400, Bangkok, Thailand.
D Program in Animal Production Technology, Faculty of Technology, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani 41000, Thailand.
E Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Rajamangala University of Technology-Isan, Sakon Nakhon Campus, Phangkhon 47160, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand.
F Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
G Department of Animal Production Technology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand.
H Corresponding author. Email: anusornc@kku.ac.th
Animal Production Science 59(9) 1682-1688 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN18491
Submitted: 24 April 2018 Accepted: 26 October 2018 Published: 13 December 2018
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the utilisation of yeast waste as protein source to replace soybean meal in concentrate mixture on kinetic of gas, rumen ammonia-nitrogen and digestibility of nutrients by using in vitro gas production technique. The experimental design was a completely randomised design and the dietary treatments were replacing soybean meal with yeast wastein concentrate at the ratio of 100 : 0, 75 : 25, 50 : 50, 25 : 75 and 0 : 100, respectively. Yeast waste was obtained from KSL Green Innovation Public Co. Limited, Thailand. The gas production was recorded at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h of incubation. The yeast waste contained 26.4% crude protein. Gas production from soluble fractions (a), gas production from the insoluble fraction (b), potential extent of gas production (a+b) and the gas production rate constants for the insoluble fraction (c) were not altered when increasing concentration of yeast waste replacing soybean meal (P > 0.05). Cumulative gas production (at 96 h of incubation) ranged from 69.3 to 72.8 mL and was similar among treatments. Ruminal NH3-N concentration was linearly increased (P < 0.05) whereas ruminal pH did not alter when inclusion various levels of yeast waste replacing soybean meal, which ranged from 15.2 to 19.1 mg/dL and 6.90 to 6.94, respectively. In vitro dry matter digestibility and in vitro organic matter digestibility did not changed by increasing levels of yeast waste in the diets (P > 0.05), except only in vitro dry matter digestibility at 12 h, which higher in soybean meal : yeast waste at 25 : 75 ratio (P < 0.05). Furthermore, propionate (C3) molar was linearly higher when compared between inclusion yeast waste and the control group whereas acetate was decreased quadratically (P < 0.05) and protozoal population tended to be decreased (P = 0.07) when increasing the level of replacing yeast waste. In conclusion, yeast waste could replace soybean meal in concentrate mixture with no negative effect on gas kinetics, rumen fermentation and in vitro digestibility, and therefore its use in animal feeding would contribute to a reduction in environmental pollution.
Additional keywords: digestibility, in vitro gas technique, microbial waste.
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