Impacts of feeding zinc-methionine or chromium-methionine on performance, antioxidant status and physiological responses to transportation stress on lambs
Soheilla Kaki Soumar A , Fardin Hozhabri A C , Mohammad Mehdi Moeini A and Zahra Nikousefat B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Agriculture Faculty, Animal Science Department, Razi University, Shohada Square, 6715685421, Kermanshah, Iran.
B Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Clinical Science Department, Razi University, Shohada Square, 6715685421, Kermanshah, Iran.
C Corresponding author. Email: hozhabri@razi.ac.ir
Animal Production Science 60(6) 796-805 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN18070
Submitted: 14 February 2018 Accepted: 14 August 2019 Published: 18 March 2020
Abstract
Context: Road transportation of farm animals is an unavoidable activity in animal husbandry, which may lead to the stress. Metabolic modifiers, such as minerals, may be an effective strategy to improve the performance and immune system of animals.
Aims: The present study examined the effects of chromium-methionine (Cr-Met) and zinc-methionine (Zn-Met) supplementation on animal performance and response to transportation stress.
Methods: Eighteen lambs (18–20 weeks of age) were randomly assigned to the following three dietary treatments for 10 weeks: (1) basal diet (control, 0.021 g/kg Zn and 0.0001 g/kg Cr); (2) basal diet with addition of 10 Cr-Met mg/kg DM (containing 1 mg/kg Cr); and (3) basal diet with addition of 500 Zn-Met mg/kg DM (containing 50 mg/kg Zn). After a 6-week supplementation period, the lambs were transported by road for 3 h.
Key results: Mineral supplements did not affect final bodyweight, average daily gain or feed conversion ratio. The blood cortisol and aspartate aminotransferase concentrations were increased (P < 0.05) immediately after transportation (AT1) in all groups; however, they were lower in supplemented lambs than in the control (P < 0.05). Animals fed Cr-Met or Zn-Met diets had a higher albumin concentration at AT1 than did the control group (P < 0.05). Lambs on the Zn-Met diet showed a higher blood triiodothyronine and triiodothyronine to thyroxin ratio at AT1 and at 24 h after transportation (AT2) than did lambs receiving the control diet (P < 0.05). Lambs fed the Cr-Met diet had a lower blood malondialdehyde at AT1 and AT2 than did the control lambs (P < 0.05). Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was higher in the Zn-Met-supplemented group than in other groups (P < 0.05). Supplementation with dietary Zn-Met increased serum TAC concentration in the kidney tissue compared with the control (P < 0.05), but had no effect on superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities. The Cr-Met group showed also a lower malondialdehyde concentration (P < 0.05) and higher TAC, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in the liver tissue (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: Dietary supplementation with 10 mg Cr-Met/kg (1 mg Cr) in comparison to 500 mg Zn-Met/kg (50 mg Zn) improved the stress response of lambs subjected to a short-time road transportation, whereas growth performance was not affected.
Implications: The administration of Cr-Met or Zn-Met to diet of lambs before transportation could reduce the adverse effects of road transportation stress.
Additional keywords: cortisol, growth, malondialdehyde, oxidative stress, road transportation.
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