Strategies for improvement of cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer
Xiaoyan Qiu A , Xiong Xiao A , Graeme B. Martin B , Nan Li A , Wenhui Ling A , Mingyu Wang A and Yuemin Li A C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Embryo Engineering Lab, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Bei Bei District, Chong Qing 400715, P.R. China.
B UWA Institute of Agriculture and School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
C Corresponding author. Email: lym@swu.edu.cn
Animal Production Science 59(7) 1218-1227 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN17621
Submitted: 14 September 2017 Accepted: 17 July 2018 Published: 3 September 2018
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a powerful tool that is being applied in a variety of fields as diverse as the cloning and production of transgenic animals, rescue of endangered species and regenerative medicine. However, cloning efficiency is still very low and SCNT embryos generally show poor developmental competency and many abnormalities. The low efficiency is probably due to incomplete reprogramming of the donor nucleus and most of the developmental problems are thought to be caused by epigenetic defects. Applications of SCNT will, therefore, depend on improvements in the efficiency of production of healthy clones. This review has summarised the progress and strategies that have been used to make improvements in various animal species, especially over the period 2010–2017, including strategies based on histone modification, embryo aggregation and mitochondrial function. There has been considerable investiagation into the mechanisms that underpin each strategy, helping us better understand the nature of genomic reprogramming and nucleus–cytoplasm interactions.
Additional keywords: embryo aggregation, histone modification, mitochondrial function, SCNT.
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