Immediate, cumulative and residual effects of short- and long-term low plane of nutrition on milk protein and casein composition
F. C. Cowley A E , D. G. Barber B D , A. R. Anstis B , A. Houlihan C and D. P. Poppi AA School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland Gatton Campus, Lawes, Qld 4343, Australia.
B Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, University of Queensland Gatton Campus, Lawes, Qld 4343, Australia.
C Innovative Food Technologies, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, Coopers Plains, Brisbane, Qld 4108, Australia.
D Present address: Parmalat Australia, Level 5, 35 Boundary Street, South Brisbane, Qld 4101, Australia.
E Corresponding author. Email: f.cowley@uq.edu.au
Animal Production Science 54(9) 1374-1380 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN14299
Submitted: 13 March 2014 Accepted: 29 May 2014 Published: 24 July 2014
Abstract
Immediate and residual effects of two lengths of low plane of nutrition (PON) on the synthesis of milk protein and protein fractions were studied at the Mutdapilly Research Station, in south-east Queensland. Thirty-six multiparous Holstein-Friesian cows, between 46 and 102 days in milk (DIM) initially, were used in a completely randomised design experiment with three treatments. All cows were fed on a basal diet of ryegrass pasture (7.0 kg DM/cow.day), barley-sorghum concentrate mix (2.7 kg DM/cow.day) and a canola meal-mineral mix (1.3 kg DM/cow.day). To increase PON, 5.0 kg DM/cow.day supplemental maize and forage sorghum silage was added to the basal diet. The three treatments were (C) high PON (basal diet + supplemental silage); (L9) low PON (basal diet only) for a period of 9 weeks; and (L3) low PON (basal diet only) for a period of 3 weeks. The experiment comprised three periods (1) covariate – high PON, all groups (5 weeks), (2) period of low PON for either 3 weeks (L3) or 9 weeks (L9), and (3) period of high PON (all groups) to assess ability of cows to recover any production lost as a result of treatments (5 weeks). The low PON treatment periods for L3 and L9 were end-aligned so that all treatment groups began Period 3 together. Although there was a significant effect of L9 on yields of milk, protein, fat and lactose, and concentrations of true protein, whey protein and urea, these were not significantly different from L3. There were no residual effects of L3 or L9 on protein concentration or nitrogen distribution after 5 weeks of realimentation. There was no significant effect of low PON for 3 or 9 weeks on casein concentration or composition.
Additional keywords: pasture, silage, underfeeding, urea, whey protein.
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