Effect of Stylosanthes guianensis supplementation on intake and nitrogen metabolism of Bos indicus cattle offered a basal diet of mixed rice straw and tropical grass
Miranda Pen A C , Darryl B. Savage A , John V. Nolan A and Mom Seng B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.
B Royal University of Agriculture, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
C Corresponding author. Email: mpen@myune.edu.au
Animal Production Science 53(5) 453-457 https://doi.org/10.1071/AN11307
Submitted: 12 November 2011 Accepted: 11 October 2012 Published: 7 February 2013
Abstract
The effect of supplementing a mixed rice straw and tropical grass diet with legume as a nitrogen (N) source on intake, digestibility, rumen ammonia and microbial protein production was evaluated in Bos indicus cattle. Four rumen-cannulated steers were used in a crossover design with two diets and two periods. The diets were T1 = 40% rice (Oryza sativa L.) straw + 60% grass (Brachiaria spp. cv. Mulato II hybrid) and T2 = 40% rice straw + 30% grass + 30% legume (Stylosanthes guianensis cv. CIAT 184) on DM basis. Supplementation with legume doubled (P < 0.01) rice straw and total N intake, and increased total DM intake by 32%. It did not affect the DM, organic matter, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre digestibility (P > 0.05) but did increase (P < 0.05) N digestibility. Faecal N and total N outputs from T2 cattle were higher (P < 0.05) than T1 cattle, but urinary N output did not differ between diets (P > 0.05). N retention in T2 cattle was improved by 83% (P < 0.05) compared with T1 cattle. Rumen ammonia concentration, microbial protein production and efficiency of microbial protein production were improved (P < 0.05) when the legume forage was included in the straw–grass diet. We conclude that when a mixed rice straw and fresh grass diet is supplemented with ~30% legume (DM basis), significant improvements in DM and N intake can be achieved.
Additional keywords: beef cattle, Brachiaria spp., microbial protein, performance, Stylosanthes spp.
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