An inland population of the common ringtail possum (Pseudocheirus peregrinus) at Black Rock Ridge, New South Wales: a preliminary ecological assessment
J. A. Kerle A , C. Kimmorley B and J. M. Old B CA 5 Fitzroy Street, Peel, NSW 2795, Australia.
B Native and Pest Animal Unit, School of Science and Health, Hawkesbury, University of Western Sydney, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
C Corresponding author. Email: j.old@uws.edu.au
Australian Mammalogy 35(2) 236-240 https://doi.org/10.1071/AM12047
Submitted: 2 April 2012 Accepted: 8 January 2013 Published: 15 March 2013
Abstract
The common ringtail possum (Pseudocheirus peregrinus) is considered abundant throughout its distribution in eastern Australia but appears to be declining at a regional level in inland New South Wales. Previous studies of the common ringtail possum in south-eastern Australia have focussed on coastal populations and little is known about the ecology of inland populations. In south-western Australia studies of the closely related western ringtail possum (Pseudocherius occidentalis) have found that coastal populations differ from inland populations, particularly in their nesting behaviour. In this preliminary study of an inland population of the common ringtail possum at Black Rock Ridge in central west New South Wales population density has been estimated and the habitat and nesting preference assessed. Up to one ringtail per hectare and 4.5 ringtails per spotlight hour were recorded. Tree hollows appeared to be the preferred nest site, with possums seen entering hollows during spotlighting and no dreys being located. Threats to common ringtail possums at Black Rock Ridge include the isolation of the remnant ridge vegetation within an extensively cleared landscape and the associated change in fire regimes. Within this landscape there has been an extensive reduction in available habitat, and an overall lack of habitat connectivity has placed ringtail possums at an increased risk of predation.
Additional keywords: arboreal mammal, drey, hollows, marsupial, nest preference.
References
Ambrose, G. J. (1982). An ecological and behavioural study of vertebrates using hollows in eucalypt branches. Ph.D. Thesis, La Trobe University, Mmelbourne.Augee, M. L., Smith, B., and Rose, S. (1996). Survival of wild and hand-reared ringtail possums (Pseudocheirus peregrinus) in bushland near Sydney. Wildlife Research 23, 99–108.
| Survival of wild and hand-reared ringtail possums (Pseudocheirus peregrinus) in bushland near Sydney.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Bennett, A. F., Lumsden, L. F., Alexander, J. S. A., Duncan, P. E., Johnson, P. G., Robertson, P., and Silveira, C. E. (1991). Habitat use by arboreal mammals along an environmental gradient in north-eastern Victoria. Wildlife Research 18, 125–146.
| Habitat use by arboreal mammals along an environmental gradient in north-eastern Victoria.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Bennett, A. F., Lumsden, L. F., and Nicholls, A. O. (1994). Tree hollows in remnant woodlands, spatial and temporal patterns across the northern plains of Victoria, Australia. Pacific Conservation Biology 1, 222–235.
Calder, T. G., Golding, B. G., and Manderson, A. D. (1983). Management for arboreal species in the Wombat State Forest. Environmental Report No. 16, Monash University, Melbourne.
Carthew, S. M. (2004). Distribution and conservation status of possums and gliders in South Australia. In ‘The Biology of Australian Possums and Gliders’. (Eds R. L. Goldingay and S. M. Jackson.) pp. 63–70. (Surrey Beatty: Sydney.)
Davey, S. M. (1984). Habitat preferences of arboreal marsupials within a coastal forest in southern New South Wales. In ‘Possums and Gliders’. (Eds A. P. Smith and I. D. Hume.) pp. 509–516. (Surrey Beatty: Sydney.)
Dickman, C. R., Whish, G. L., and Pressey, R. L. (2002). Mammals of particular conservation concern in the Western Division of New South Wales: distributions, habitats and threats. NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service, Hurstville.
Downes, S. D., Handasyde, K. A., and Elgar, M. A. (1997). The use of corridors by mammals in fragmented Australian eucalypt forests. Conservation Biology 11, 718–726.
| The use of corridors by mammals in fragmented Australian eucalypt forests.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Gibbons, P. and Lindenmayer, D. (2002). ‘Tree Hollows and Wildlife Conservation in Australia.’ (CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne.)
Gibbons, P., Lindenmayer, D. B., Barry, S. C., and Tanton, M. T. (2000). Hollow formation in eucalypts from temperate forests in south-eastern Australia. Pacific Conservation Biology 6, 218–228.
Gibbons, P., Lindenmayer, D. B., Barry, S. C., and Tanton, M. T. (2002). Hollow selection by vertebrate fauna in forests of southeastern Australia and implications for forest management. Biological Conservation 103, 1–12.
| Hollow selection by vertebrate fauna in forests of southeastern Australia and implications for forest management.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Goldney, D. (2006). Black Rock Ridge Vertebrate Fauna Survey: Draft Report. Western Research Institute, Bathurst.
How, R. A., Barnett, J. L., Bradley, A. J., Humphreys, W. J., and Martin, R. W. (1984). The population biology of Pseudocheirus peregrinus in a Leptospermum laevigatum thicket. In ‘Possums and Gliders’. (Eds A. P. Smith and I. D. Hume.) pp. 261–268. (Surrey Beatty: Sydney.)
Inions, G. B., Tanton, M. T., and Davey, S. M. (1989). Effect of fire on the availability of hollows in trees used by the common brushtail possum, Trichosurus vulpecula Kerr,1792, and the ringtail possum, Pseudocheirus peregrinus Boddaerts, 1785. Australian Wildlife Research 16, 449–458.
| Effect of fire on the availability of hollows in trees used by the common brushtail possum, Trichosurus vulpecula Kerr,1792, and the ringtail possum, Pseudocheirus peregrinus Boddaerts, 1785.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Jones, B. A., How, R. A., and Kitchener, D. J. (1994a). A field study of Pseudocheirus occidentalis (Marsupialia: Petauridae). I. Distribution and habitat. Wildlife Research 21, 175–187.
| A field study of Pseudocheirus occidentalis (Marsupialia: Petauridae). I. Distribution and habitat.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Jones, B. A., How, R. A., and Kitchener, D. J. (1994b). A field study of Pseudocheirus occidentalis (Marsupialia: Petauridae). II. Population studies. Wildlife Research 21, 189–201.
| A field study of Pseudocheirus occidentalis (Marsupialia: Petauridae). II. Population studies.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Kemp, L. F., and Carthew, S. M. (2004). Nest site selection by the western pygmy-possum Cercartetus concinnus. In ‘The Biology of Australian Possums and Gliders’. (Eds R. L. Goldingay and S. M. Jackson.) pp. 237–245. (Surrey Beatty: Sydney.)
Kerle, A. (2001). ‘Possums: The Brushtails, Ringtails and Greater Glider.’ (University of New South Wales Press Ltd: Sydney.)
Kerle, A. (2004). A cautionary tale: decline of the common brushtail possum Trichosurus vulpecula and common ringtail possum Pseudocheirus peregrinus in the woodlands of the western slopes and plains of New South Wales. In ‘The biology of Australian Possums and Gliders’. (Eds R. L. Goldingay and S. M. Jackson.) pp. 71–84. (Surrey Beatty: Sydney.)
Lindenmayer, D. B., and Fischer, J. (2006). ‘Habitat Fragmentation and Landscape Change: An Ecological and Conservation Synthesis.’ (CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne.)
Lindenmayer, D. B., Cunningham, R. B., Tanton, M. T., Smith, A. P., and Nix, H. A. (1990). The conservation of arboreal marsupials in the montane ash forests of the central highlands of Victoria, South-East Australia: I. Factors influencing the occupancy of trees with hollows. Biological Conservation 54, 111–131.
| The conservation of arboreal marsupials in the montane ash forests of the central highlands of Victoria, South-East Australia: I. Factors influencing the occupancy of trees with hollows.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Lindenmayer, D. B., Cunningham, R. B., and Donnelly, C. F. (1993). The conservation of arboreal marsupials in the montane ash forests of the central highlands of Victoria, south-east Australia. IV. The presence and abundance of arboreal marsupials in retained linear habitats (wildlife corridors) within logged forest. Biological Conservation 66, 207–221.
| The conservation of arboreal marsupials in the montane ash forests of the central highlands of Victoria, south-east Australia. IV. The presence and abundance of arboreal marsupials in retained linear habitats (wildlife corridors) within logged forest.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Lindenmayer, D. B., MacGregor, C., Welsh, A., Donnelly, C. F., and Brown, D. (2008). The use of hollows and dreys by the common ringtail possum (Pseudocheirus peregrinus) in different vegetation types. Australian Journal of Zoology 56, 1–11.
| The use of hollows and dreys by the common ringtail possum (Pseudocheirus peregrinus) in different vegetation types.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Lunney, D. (1987). Effects of logging, fire and drought on possums and gliders in the coastal forests near Bega, NSW. Australian Wildlife Research 14, 263–274.
| Effects of logging, fire and drought on possums and gliders in the coastal forests near Bega, NSW.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Mackowski, C. M. (1984). The ontogeny of hollows in blackbutt (Eucalyptus pilularis) and its relevance to the management of forests for possums, gliders and timber. In ‘Possums and Gliders’. (Eds A. P. Smith and I. D. Hume.) pp. 553–567. (Surrey Beatty: Sydney.)
Mackowski, C. M. (1987). Wildlife hollows and timber management in blackbutt forest. Ph.D. Thesis, University of New England, Armidale.
McKay, G. M., and Ong, P. (2008). Common ringtail possum, Pseudocheirus peregrinus. In ‘The Mammals of Australia’. 3rd edn. (Eds S. Van Dyck and R. Strahan.) pp. 255–257. (Reed New Holland: Sydney.)
Munks, S. (1995). The breeding biology of Pseudocheirus peregrinus viverrinus on Flinders Island, Bass Strait. Wildlife Research 22, 521–534.
| The breeding biology of Pseudocheirus peregrinus viverrinus on Flinders Island, Bass Strait.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Munks, S. A. (2000). Diet of the common ringtail possum Pseudocheirus peregrinus in coastal tea-tree on Flinders Island. The Tasmanian Naturalist 122, 34–41.
Munks, S. A., Mooney, N., Pemberton, D., and Gales, R. (2004). An update on the distribution and status of possums and gliders in Tasmania, including off-shore islands. In ‘The Biology of Australian Possums and Gliders’. (Eds R. L. Goldingay and S. M. Jackson.) pp. 111–129. (Surrey Beatty: Sydney.)
NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service (2008). ‘Atlas of NSW Wildlife.’ Available at http://wildlifeatlas.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au/wildlifeatlas/watlasList.jsp [accessed 24 October 2008].
Ong, P. S. (1994). The social organization of the common ringtail possum, Pseudocheirus peregrinus. Ph.D. Thesis, Monash University, Melbourne.
Pahl, L. I. (1984). Diet preference, diet composition and population density of the common ringtail possum (Pseudocheirus peregrinus cooki) in several plant communities in southern Victoria. In ‘Possums and Gliders’. (Eds A. P. Smith and I. D. Hume.) pp. 252–260. (Surrey Beatty: Sydney.)
Pahl, L. I. (1987a). Feeding behaviour and diet of the common ringtail possum, Pseudocheirus peregrinus, in Eucalyptus woodlands and Leptospermum thickets in southern Victoria. Australian Journal of Zoology 35, 487–506.
| Feeding behaviour and diet of the common ringtail possum, Pseudocheirus peregrinus, in Eucalyptus woodlands and Leptospermum thickets in southern Victoria.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Pahl, L. I. (1987b). Survival, age determination and population age structure of the common ringtail possum, Pseudocheirus peregrinus, in a Eucalyptus woodland and a Leptospermum thicket in southern Victoria. Australian Journal of Zoology 35, 625–639.
| Survival, age determination and population age structure of the common ringtail possum, Pseudocheirus peregrinus, in a Eucalyptus woodland and a Leptospermum thicket in southern Victoria.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Pahl, L. I., and Lee, A. K. (1988). Reproductive traits of two populations of the common ringtail possum, Pseudocheirus peregrinus, in Victoria. Australian Journal of Zoology 36, 83–97.
| Reproductive traits of two populations of the common ringtail possum, Pseudocheirus peregrinus, in Victoria.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Paull, D., and Kerle, A. (2004). Recent decline of common brushtail and common ringtail possums in the Pilliga forests, New South Wales. In ‘The Biology of Australian Possums and Gliders’. (Eds R. L. Goldingay and S. M. Jackson.) pp. 85–90. (Surrey Beatty: Sydney.)
Pausas, J. G., Braithwaite, L. W., and Austin, M. P. (1995). Modelling habitat quality for arboreal marsupials in the south coastal forests of New South Wales, Australia. Forest Ecology and Management 78, 39–49.
| Modelling habitat quality for arboreal marsupials in the south coastal forests of New South Wales, Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Russell, K. (1980). ‘Spotlight on Possums.’ (University of Queensland Press: Brisbane.)
Soderquist, T., Lumsden, L., and Bennett, A. (1999). Size does matter … large old trees in box–ironbark forests. Flora and Fauna Note FF0055, Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Victoria.
Thomson, J. A., and Owen, W. H. (1964). A field study of the Australian ringtail possum Pseudocheirus peregrinus (Marsupialia: Phalangeridae). Ecological Monographs 34, 27–52.
| A field study of the Australian ringtail possum Pseudocheirus peregrinus (Marsupialia: Phalangeridae).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Traill, B. J. (1991). Box–ironbark forests: tree hollows, wildlife and management. In ‘Conservation of Australia’s Forest Fauna’. (Ed. D. Lunney.) pp. 119–123. (The Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales: Sydney.)
Triggs, B., Brunner, H., and Cullen, J. M. (1984). The food of fox, dog and cat in Croajingalong National Park, south-eastern Victoria. Australian Wildlife Research 11, 491–499.
| The food of fox, dog and cat in Croajingalong National Park, south-eastern Victoria.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |