Enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities in developing anther contributes to heat stress alleviation and sustains grain yield in wheat
Sharad K. Dwivedi A , Sahana Basu B , Santosh Kumar A , Surbhi Kumari C , Alok Kumar C , Sneha Jha C , Janki S. Mishra A , Bhagwati P. Bhatt A and Gautam Kumar
C D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, ICAR Parisar, P.O. Bihar Veterinary College, Patna, Bihar 800014, India.
B Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India.
C Department of Life Science, Central University of South Bihar, SH-7, Gaya Bela - Panchanpur Road Karhara, Fatehpur, Bihar 824236, India.
D Corresponding author. Email: gautam@cub.ac.in
Functional Plant Biology 46(12) 1090-1102 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP19016
Submitted: 25 January 2019 Accepted: 8 July 2019 Published: 31 October 2019
Abstract
Climatic variations along with a rise in temperature during the winter season impose severe heat stress during the anthesis stage of spring wheat, resulting in severe yield losses. The present study was conducted to evaluate the influence of heat stress on redox homeostasis in developing anthers and flag leaves of wheat. Five Indian bread wheat genotypes were studied under field conditions during the dry season, with two extreme sowing dates (timely and very late sown) to explore the effect of heat stress on anthesis stage. Results showed that elevated temperature during anthesis caused significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation in developing anthers, triggering pollen mortality. Moreover, defective source (leaf) to the sink (anthers) mobilisation of starch also contributes in reducing pollen viability. However, ROS-induced oxidative damage of developing anthers under heat stress varied among the wheat genotypes depending upon differential antioxidant enzyme activities. Wheat genotype with enhanced antioxidant activities and reduced ROS built up in developing anthers sustained their grain yield, suggesting thermo-tolerance in wheat to be associated with antioxidant enzyme-mediated improved ROS-scavenging mechanism not only in leaves even in developing anther also. In the present study, heat stressed wheat genotype WH 730 exhibited effective source to sink mobilisation and sustainable grain yield with improved ROS scavenging, conferring greater potential for heat tolerance. We conclude that redox homeostasis and balanced source sink activity played a significant role for sustainable yield and heat tolerance in wheat.
Additional keywords: anther, antioxidant enzymes, ROS, terminal heat stress.
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