Changes in leaf stomatal conductance, petiole hydraulics and vessel morphology in grapevine (Vitis vinifera cv. Chasselas) under different light and irrigation regimes
Silvina Dayer A , Jorge Perez Peña A , Katia Gindro B , Laurent Torregrosa C , Francine Voinesco B , Liliana Martínez D , Jorge A. Prieto A and Vivian Zufferey B E
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A INTA EEA Mendoza, San Martín 3853, Luján de Cuyo (5507), Mendoza, Argentina.
B Agroscope, Institut des sciences en production végétale IPV, Route de Duillier 50, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland.
C Montpellier SupAgro, UMR AGAP – DAAV research group, 2 place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 01, France.
D Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, UNCuyo, Almirante Brown 500, 5507 Chacras de Coria, Argentina.
E Corresponding author. Email: vivian.zufferey@agroscope.admin.ch
Functional Plant Biology 44(7) 679-693 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP16041
Submitted: 1 February 2016 Accepted: 21 March 2017 Published: 1 May 2017
Abstract
Hydraulic conductance and water transport in plants may be affected by environmental factors, which in turn regulate leaf gas exchange, plant growth and yield. In this study, we assessed the combined effects of radiation and water regimes on leaf stomatal conductance (gs), petiole specific hydraulic conductivity (Kpetiole) and anatomy (vessel number and size); and leaf aquaporin gene expression of field-grown grapevines at the Agroscope Research Station (Leytron, Switzerland). Chasselas vines were subjected to two radiation (sun and shade) levels combined with two water (irrigated and water-stressed) regimes. The sun and shade leaves received ~61.2 and 1.48 mol m–2 day–1 of photosynthetically active radiation, respectively, during a clear-sky day. The irrigated vines were watered weekly from bloom to veraison whereas the water-stressed vines did not receive any irrigation during the season. Water stress reduced gs and Kpetiole relative to irrigated vines throughout the season. The petioles from water-stressed vines showed fewer large-sized vessels than those from irrigated vines. The shaded leaves from the irrigated vines exhibited a higher Kpetiole than the sun leaves at the end of the season, which was partially explained by a higher number of vessels per petiole and possibly by the upregulation of some of the aquaporins measured in the leaf. These results suggest that not only plant water status but also the light environment at the leaf level affected leaf and petiole hydraulics.
Additional keywords: aquaporins, hydraulic conductivity, irradiance, stomatal conductance, water stress physiology, xylem.
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