Optimum inclusion and replacement value of boiled Mucuna cochinchinensis for soybean meal in broiler diets
S. N. UkachukwuMichael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria. Email: snukachukwu@yahoo.com
Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47(6) 672-676 https://doi.org/10.1071/EA04184
Submitted: 27 August 2004 Accepted: 11 September 2006 Published: 17 May 2007
Abstract
Optimum inclusion level of boiled Mucuna cochinchinensis and its replacement value for soybean meal in both starter and finisher broiler diets were assessed using 400 unsexed 7-day-old broiler chickens in a completely randomised experiment. The boiled Mucuna meal was used to replace soybean protein at five levels (0, 19, 38, 57 and 76%) in isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets. Feeding of the experimental diets lasted 4 weeks in each of the starter and finisher phases. During the last week of each phase, three birds per replicate were selected and used for metabolism (nutrient retention) studies. At the starter phase, only bodyweight and daily weight gain were significantly depressed (P < 0.05) by inclusion levels of 38% and above, whereas bodyweight, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio were depressed (P < 0.05) by inclusion levels of 57 and 76% at the finisher phase. At both phases, the inclusion level had a cost sparing effect such that the highest inclusion level resulted in the production of the cheapest diet and lowest cost per unit weight gain. The replacement and inclusion levels produced no significant (P > 0.05) effects on the retention of all the proximate components and energy at both starter and finisher phases. Therefore, on the basis of bodyweight and weight gain, the replacement of soybean protein by boiled M. cochinchinensis at 19 and 38% for starter and finisher phases, respectively, is recommended. These translate to 9.36 and 14.4% inclusion levels of boiled M. cochinchinensis in starter and finisher broiler diets, respectively.
Acknowledgement
The author acknowledges the International Foundation for Science, Sweden, for funding the research.
Amaefule KU, Obioha FC
(1998) The substitution of pigeon pea seed (Cajanus cajan) for groundnut cake and maize in broiler finisher ration. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 25, 9–12.
Del Carmen J,
Gernat AG,
Myhrman R, Carew LB
(1999) Evaluation of raw and heated velvet beans (Mucuna pruriens) as feed ingredients for broilers. Poultry Science 78, 866–872.
| PubMed |
Duncan DB
(1955) Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics 11, 1–42.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Emenalom OO, Udedibie ABI
(1998) Effect of dietary raw, cooked and toasted Mucuna pruriens seeds (velvet bean) on the performance of finisher broilers. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 25, 115–119.
Grimaud P
(1988) The pigeon pea (cajanus cajan): A possible alternative for traditional pig and poultry farming in New Caledonia. Revue D’Elevage Et Medecine Veterinaire De Nouvelle Caledonie 11, 29–36.
Ologhobo AD,
Apata DF,
Oyejide A, Akinpelu RO
(1993a) Toxicity of raw lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus) and lima beans fractions for growing chicks. British Poultry Science 34, 505–522.
| PubMed |
Ologhobo AD,
Apata DF,
Oyejide A, Akinpelu RO
(1993b) A comparison of protein fractions prepared from lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus) in starter diets for broiler chicks. Journal of Applied Animal Research 4, 13–30.
Tangtaweewipat S, Elliott R
(1989) Nnutritional value of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) meal in poultry diets. Animal Feed Science and Technology 25, 123–135.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Udedibie ABI, Mba UN
(1994) Studies on the use of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) as feed ingredient in layers diets. Journal of Applied Chemistry and Agricultural Research 1, 1–5.
Ukachukwu SN, Anugwa FOI
(1995) Bioeconomics of feeding raw or heat-treated soyabeans to broilers. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 22, 137–140.
Ukachukwu SN, Anugwa FOI
(1999) Influence of age of broiler chicks and duration of feeding on their sensitivity to raw soyabean. Journal of Applied Chemistry and Agriculture Research 6, 88–93.
Ukachukwu SN, Obioha FC
(1997a) Chemical evaluation of Mucuna cochinchinensis as an alternative protein feedstuff. Journal of Applied Chemistry and Agricultural Research 4, 33–38.
Ukachukwu SN, Obioha FC
(1997b) Improving the nutritive value of Mucuna cochinchinensis by thermal processing methods. Journal of Applied Chemistry and Agriultural Research 4, 43–48.
Ukachukwu SN, Obioha FC
(2000) Effect of time duration of thermal treatments on the nutritive value of Mucuna cochinchinensis. Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciience 6, 11–15.
Ukachukwu SN, Obioha FC
(2007) Effect of processing methods on the nutritional value of Mucuna cochinchinensis using broiler chicks. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, 125–131.
| Crossref |
Ukachukwu SN, Szabo NJ
(2003) Effect of processing, additives and vitamin B6 supplementation of Mucuna pruriens var cochinchinensis on broilers. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems 1, 227–237.
Ukachukwu SN,
Obioha FC, Amechi N
(1999a) Toxicity of raw Mucuna cochinchinensis extracts on broiler chicks. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment 1, 123–126.
Ukachukwu SN,
Obioha FC, Madubuike RC
(1999b) Determination of the true metabolizable energy (TME) of raw and heat-treated Mucuna cochinchinensis using adult broilers. Tropical Journal of Animal Science 3, 15–20.
Ukachukau SN,
Shoyinka VO, Obioha FC
(2003a) Chronic toxicity of raw lyon’s bean (Mucuna cochinchinensis) in broilers. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems 2, 23–30.
Ukachukwu SN,
Obioha FC, Shoyinka VO
(2003b) Carcass characteristics, histtopathology and haematological conditions of broilers fed raw or thermally processed Mucuna Cochinchinesis. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems 2, 73–79.
