Non-invasive monitoring and reintroduction biology of the brush-tailed rock-wallaby (Petrogale penicillata) in the Grampians National Park, Australia
S. Kleemann
A * , D. Sandow B , M. Stevens C , D. J. Schultz D , D. A. Taggart E F and A. Croxford F
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A School of Biological Science, University of Adelaide (Waite Campus), Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia.
B Landscape South Australia - Northern and Yorke, Clare, SA 5435, Australia.
C Landscape South Australia - Limestone Coast, Mount Gambier, SA 5290, Australia.
D Schultz Foundation, 38 Wood Street, Millswood, SA 5034, Australia.
E School of Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Adelaide (Waite Campus), Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia.
F Fauna Research Alliance, PO Box 98, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
Australian Journal of Zoology 69(2) 41-54 https://doi.org/10.1071/ZO21009
Submitted: 24 July 2020 Accepted: 13 December 2021 Published: 8 February 2022
© 2021 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC)
Abstract
Thirty-nine endangered brush-tailed rock-wallabies (Petrogale penicillata) were reintroduced to Grampians National Park, western Victoria, between 2008 and 2012. Subsequent high mortality, low breeding, and no recruitment were linked to fox predation and physical disturbance during monitoring. From 2014 to 2017, the colony was left undisturbed and monitored only by remote camera. Five adult animals were identified across this period (1 ♂ and 3 ♀s – all tagged; and one untagged female), and an average of 0.7 pouch young were birthed per tagged female per year. In 2019, camera-monitoring and non-invasive genetic monitoring (faecal) were used to identify colony members, genetic diversity, and breeding. Camera monitoring in 2019 identified the same five individuals, whereas genetic monitoring using 12 microsatellites identified eight individuals (two male and six female genotypes). Genetic diversity within the colony was moderate (expected heterozygosity (He) = 0.655, observed heterozygosity (Ho) = 0.854). Leaving the colony undisturbed after 2013 correlated with improved adult survival, increased breeding, and successful recruitment of young to the population. Recommendations for the Grampians colony include continuation of regular camera- and scat monitoring to improve our understanding of the reintroduction biology of P. penicillata and other marsupials in open, unfenced landscapes.
Keywords: camera trap, conservation genetics, genetic monitoring, macropod, marsupial, reintroduction biology, Petrogale, threatened species.
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