A Comparison of the Morphology of the Feeding Apparatus in the Peregrine Falcon, Falco-Peregrinus, and the Brown Falcon, F-Berigora (Falconiformes)

Abstract

The jaw morphology of an 'attacking', specialist predator of birds, the peregrine falcon, Falcon peregrinus, and a 'searching' generalist, the brown falcon F. berigora, were compared. As a result of larger adducting muscles, and an increase in the rotational component of the force of muscles, F. peregrinus potentially has a stronger bite than F. berigora. Kinesis is reduced in F. peregrinus, with a consequent loss in dexterity and fine control. In contrast, F. berigora has a highly kinetic skull and a secondary articulation on the lower mandible, which permits great dexterity and rapid closing of the mandibles. These results establish a strong correlation between the foraging strategy, diet, and the morphology of these two species. They also imply that, as in many bird species, power and kinesis are not compatible within the jaw system.