Characterisation of volatile organic compounds in dingo scat and a comparison with those of the domestic dog
Tyler J. Lepan
A , Thy T. Truong B , Sonu Yadav C D and J. William O. Ballard A E *
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Environment and Genetics, SABE, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Vic. 3086, Australia.
B Proteomics and Metabolomics Platform, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Vic. 3086, Australia.
C Biosecurity and Animal Welfare, Department of Industry, Trade and Tourism, Northern Territory Government, Darwin, NT, Australia.
D School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
E School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, Parkville, Vic. 3052, Australia.
Australian Journal of Zoology 70(5) 142-152 https://doi.org/10.1071/ZO23001
Submitted: 19 January 2023 Accepted: 22 March 2023 Published: 24 May 2023
© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)
Abstract
Olfaction is a widespread mode of communication in mammals. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in biological samples such as scat and urine give them either a repellent property to warn prey or an attractant property to communicate reproductive, social, and territorial status to conspecifics. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are VOC differences in the scat of a dingo compared to that of a domestic German Shepherd Dog (GSD). We standardised the diet for 10 days and then collected scat from 14 dingoes and 11 GSDs. Using headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), we characterised VOCs present in the dingo scat and compared the composition with those of GSDs. We identified 58 significant VOCs out of a total of 154 VOCs identified in both dingoes and GSDs. Of these, 12 were significantly higher in the scat of dingoes and 46 elevated in the GSD. Of the 12 elevated in the dingo, three were unique and present in high concentration (>10 ng/g), four were elevated and present in high concentration and five were present at low concentrations (<10 ng/g). We suggest that the detected differences show potential to be incorporated into dingo management strategies.
Keywords: canids, dingo, German Shepherd dog, HS-SPME-GC/MS, native animal management, odours, olfaction, scat, untargeted volatilomics, volatile organic compounds.
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