Free Standard AU & NZ Shipping For All Book Orders Over $80!
Register      Login
Australian Journal of Zoology Australian Journal of Zoology Society
Evolutionary, molecular and comparative zoology
RESEARCH ARTICLE (Open Access)

Relationship between body weight and elevation in Leadbeater’s possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri)

Jessica L. Williams https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5440-1756 A , Dan Harley B , Darcy Watchorn A B C , Lachlan McBurney A and David B. Lindenmayer A *
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.

B Wildlife Conservation and Science Department, Zoos Victoria, Healesville, Vic. 3777, Australia.

C Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Vic. 3125, Australia.

* Correspondence to: David.Lindenmayer@anu.edu.au

Handling Editor: Paul Cooper

Australian Journal of Zoology 69(5) 167-174 https://doi.org/10.1071/ZO21042
Submitted: 22 October 2021  Accepted: 2 May 2022   Published: 20 June 2022

© 2021 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)

Abstract

The body size of mammals is influenced by several evolutionary, morphological, physiological and ecological factors. Studies of body size can provide insight into the processes underlying observed variation in patterns of mammal morphology. We sought to determine if body weight in Leadbeater’s possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri) is related to environmental variables and/or sex. Using linear regression modelling, we quantified the influence on body weight of broadscale geographic variables such as latitude and elevation, site-level indicators of forest productivity (forest type, slope, aspect and topographic wetness) and an individual-level variable (sex). We found that body weight was significantly associated with elevation and sex, with individuals being heavier at higher elevations and males (on average) being heavier than females. Monitoring body weight changes over time within particular forest types will be valuable, given the variations in temperature and resource productivity throughout the range of Leadbeater’s possum that are likely to arise from climate change.

Keywords: body size, body weight, elevation, Leadbeater’s possum, sex, marsupial, Bergmann’s rule, Victorian Central Highlands.


References

Agosta, SJ, Bernardo, J, Ceballos, G, and Steele, MA (2013). A macrophysiological analysis of energetic constraints on geographic range size in mammals. PLoS ONE 8, e72731.
A macrophysiological analysis of energetic constraints on geographic range size in mammals.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 24058444PubMed |

Ashton, KG, Tracy, MC, and Queiroz, AD (2000). Is Bergmann’s rule valid for mammals? The American Naturalist 156, 390–415.
Is Bergmann’s rule valid for mammals?Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 29592141PubMed |

Barry RG (1992) ‘Mountain Weather and Climate.’ (Taylor & Francis: New York USA)

Belovsky, GE (1997). Optimal foraging and community structure: the allometry of herbivore food selection and competition. Evolutionary Ecology 11, 641–672.
Optimal foraging and community structure: the allometry of herbivore food selection and competition.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Bergmann C (1848) ‘Über die Verhältnisse der Wärmeökonomie der Thiere zu ihrer Grösse.’ (Göttingen University Press: Göttingen, Germany)

Blueweiss, L, Fox, H, Kudzma, V, Nakashima, D, Peters, R, and Sams, S (1978). Relationships between body size and some life history parameters. Oecologia 37, 257–272.
Relationships between body size and some life history parameters.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 28309655PubMed |

Bowen, WD, Oftedal, OT, and Boness, DJ (1992). Mass and energy transfer during lactation in a small phocid, the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina). Physiological Zoology 65, 844–866.
Mass and energy transfer during lactation in a small phocid, the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Bromham, L (2009). Why do species vary in their rate of molecular evolution? Biology Letters 5, 401–404.
Why do species vary in their rate of molecular evolution?Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 19364710PubMed |

Brown, JH, and Nicoletto, PF (1991). Spatial scaling of species composition: body masses of North American land mammals. The American Naturalist 138, 1478–1512.
Spatial scaling of species composition: body masses of North American land mammals.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Cardillo, M, and Bromham, L (2001). Body size and risk of extinction in Australian mammals. Conservation Biology 15, 1435–1440.
Body size and risk of extinction in Australian mammals.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Cassini, MH (2020). A mixed model of the evolution of polygyny and sexual size dimorphism in mammals. Mammal Review 50, 112–120.
A mixed model of the evolution of polygyny and sexual size dimorphism in mammals.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Clutton-Brock, T, and McAuliffe, K (2009). Female mate choice in mammals. The Quarterly review of Biology 84, 3–27.
Female mate choice in mammals.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 19326786PubMed |

Conley, KE, and Porter, WP (1986). Heat loss from deer mice (Peromyscus): evaluation of seasonal limits to thermoregulation. Journal of Experimental Biology 126, 249–269.
Heat loss from deer mice (Peromyscus): evaluation of seasonal limits to thermoregulation.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 3805994PubMed |

Cooper, N, and Purvis, A (2010). Body size evolution in mammals: complexity in tempo and mode. The American Naturalist 175, 727–738.
Body size evolution in mammals: complexity in tempo and mode.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 20394498PubMed |

Damuth, J (1981). Population density and body size in mammals. Nature 290, 699–700.
Population density and body size in mammals.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Damuth, J (2007). A macroevolutionary explanation for energy equivalence in the scaling of body size and population density. The American Naturalist 169, 621–631.
A macroevolutionary explanation for energy equivalence in the scaling of body size and population density.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 17427133PubMed |

DELWP (2019) 2015–16 Central Highlands LiDAR Project. Victorian Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.

Dyderski, MK, and Pawlik, Ł (2020). Spatial distribution of tree species in mountain national parks depends on geomorphology and climate. Forest Ecology and Management 474, 118366.
Spatial distribution of tree species in mountain national parks depends on geomorphology and climate.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Fa, JE, and Purvis, A (1997). Body size, diet and population density in Afrotropical forest mammals: a comparison with Neotropical species. Journal of Animal Ecology , 98–112.
Body size, diet and population density in Afrotropical forest mammals: a comparison with Neotropical species.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Fontanillas, E, Welch, JJ, Thomas, JA, and Bromham, L (2007). The influence of body size and net diversification rate on molecular evolution during the radiation of animal phyla. BMC Evolutionary Biology 7, 95.
The influence of body size and net diversification rate on molecular evolution during the radiation of animal phyla.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 17592650PubMed |

Freeman, BG (2017). Little evidence for Bergmann’s rule body size clines in passerines along tropical elevational gradients. Journal of Biogeography 44, 502–510.
Little evidence for Bergmann’s rule body size clines in passerines along tropical elevational gradients.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Galtier, N, Jobson, RW, Nabholz, B, Glémin, S, and Blier, PU (2009). Mitochondrial whims: metabolic rate, longevity and the rate of molecular evolution. Biology Letters 5, 413–416.
Mitochondrial whims: metabolic rate, longevity and the rate of molecular evolution.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 19324654PubMed |

Gittleman, JL, and Thompson, SD (1988). Energy allocation in mammalian reproduction. American Zoologist 28, 863–875.
Energy allocation in mammalian reproduction.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Goldingay R, Jackson S (2004) A review of the ecology of the Australia Petauridae. In ‘The Biology of Australian Possums and Gliders’. (Eds R Goldingay, S Jackson) pp. 376–400. (Surrey Beatty and Sons: Sydney, NSW, Australia)

Guiden, PW, and Orrock, JL (2020). Seasonal shifts in activity timing reduce heat loss of small mammals during winter. Animal Behaviour 164, 181–192.
Seasonal shifts in activity timing reduce heat loss of small mammals during winter.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Hansen, BD, Harley, DKP, Lindenmayer, DB, and Taylor, AC (2009). Population genetic analysis reveals a long-term decline of a threatened endemic Australian marsupial. Molecular Ecology 18, 3346–3362.
Population genetic analysis reveals a long-term decline of a threatened endemic Australian marsupial.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 19694962PubMed |

Hantak, MM, McLean, BS, Li, D, and Guralnick, RP (2021). Mammalian body size is determined by interactions between climate, urbanization, and ecological traits. Communications Biology 4, 972.
Mammalian body size is determined by interactions between climate, urbanization, and ecological traits.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 34400755PubMed |

Hardy, JD, and DuBois, EF (1937). Regulation of heat loss from the human body. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 23, 624–631.
Regulation of heat loss from the human body.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 16577831PubMed |

Harley DK (2004) A review of recent records of Leadbeater’s possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri). In ‘The Biology of Australian Possums and Gliders’. (Eds R Goldingay, S Jackson) pp. 330–338. (Surrey Beatty and Sons: Sydney, NSW, Australia)

Harley, DKP, and Lill, A (2007). Reproduction in a population of the endangered Leadbeater’s possum inhabiting lowland swamp forest. Journal of Zoology 272, 451–457.
Reproduction in a population of the endangered Leadbeater’s possum inhabiting lowland swamp forest.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Harley, DKP, Worley, MA, and Harley, TK (2005). The distribution and abundance of Leadbeater’s possum Gymnobelideus leadbeateri in lowland swamp forest at Yellingbo Nature Conservation Reserve. Australian Mammalogy 27, 7–15.
The distribution and abundance of Leadbeater’s possum Gymnobelideus leadbeateri in lowland swamp forest at Yellingbo Nature Conservation Reserve.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Hedrick, AV, and Temeles, EJ (1989). The evolution of sexual dimorphism in animals: hypotheses and tests. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 4, 136–138.
The evolution of sexual dimorphism in animals: hypotheses and tests.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Hendges, CD, Patterson, BD, and Cáceres, NC (2021). Big in the tropics: ecogeographical clines in peccary size reveal the converse of Bergmann’s rule. Journal of Biogeography 48, 1228–1239.
Big in the tropics: ecogeographical clines in peccary size reveal the converse of Bergmann’s rule.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Hertel, AG, Bischof, R, Langval, O, Mysterud, A, Kindberg, J, Swenson, JE, and Zedrosser, A (2018). Berry production drives bottom-up effects on body mass and reproductive success in an omnivore. Oikos 127, 197–207.
Berry production drives bottom-up effects on body mass and reproductive success in an omnivore.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Huang, S, Eronen, JT, Janis, CM, Saarinen, JJ, Silvestro, D, and Fritz, SA (2017). Mammal body size evolution in North America and Europe over 20 Myr: similar trends generated by different processes. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, 20162361.
Mammal body size evolution in North America and Europe over 20 Myr: similar trends generated by different processes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 28202809PubMed |

Huggett RJ, Cheesman J (2002) ‘Topography and the Environment.’ (Pearson Education: Boston, MA, USA)

(2001). Glossary of terms for thermal physiology. Japan Journal of Physiology 51, 245–280.

Kamilar, JM, Muldoon, KM, Lehman, SM, and Herrera, JP (2012). Testing Bergmann’s rule and the resource seasonality hypothesis in Malagasy primates using GIS-based climate data. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 147, 401–408.
Testing Bergmann’s rule and the resource seasonality hypothesis in Malagasy primates using GIS-based climate data.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 22271559PubMed |

Kozłowski, J, Konarzewski, M, and Czarnoleski, M (2020). Coevolution of body size and metabolic rate in vertebrates: a life-history perspective. Biological Reviews 95, 1393–1417.
Coevolution of body size and metabolic rate in vertebrates: a life-history perspective.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 32524739PubMed |

Lenth R (2020) emmeans: Estimated Marginal Means, aka Least-Squares Means. R package. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/emmeans/index.html

Lewis, RJ, and Kappeler, PM (2005). Seasonality, body condition, and timing of reproduction in Propithecus verreauxi verreauxi in the Kirindy Forest. American Journal of Primatology 67, 347–364.
Seasonality, body condition, and timing of reproduction in Propithecus verreauxi verreauxi in the Kirindy Forest.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 16287105PubMed |

Lindenmayer DB (1989) The ecology and habitat requirements of Leadbeater’s possum. PhD Thesis, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.

Lindenmayer DB (1996) ‘Wildlife and Woodchips: Leadbeater’s Possum: a Test Case for Sustainable Forestry.’ (UNSW Press: Sydney, NSW, Australia)

Lindenmayer, DB, Blair, D, McBurney, L, and Banks, S (2014). Preventing the extinction of an iconic globally endangered species – Leadbeater’s possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri). Journal of Biodiversity & Endangered Species 2, 140–147.
Preventing the extinction of an iconic globally endangered species – Leadbeater’s possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Lovegrove, BG (2005). Seasonal thermoregulatory responses in mammals. Journal of Comparative Physiology Biology 175, 231–247.
Seasonal thermoregulatory responses in mammals.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

McComb, LB, Lentini, PE, Harley, DKP, Lumsden, LF, Eyre, AC, and Briscoe, NJ (2021). Climate and behaviour influence thermal suitability of artificial hollows for a critically endangered mammal. Animal Conservation , .
Climate and behaviour influence thermal suitability of artificial hollows for a critically endangered mammal.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

McNab, BK (2010). Geographic and temporal correlations of mammalian size reconsidered: a resource rule. Oecologia 164, 13–23.
Geographic and temporal correlations of mammalian size reconsidered: a resource rule.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 20364270PubMed |

Millar, JS, and Hickling, GJ (1990). Fasting endurance and the evolution of mammalian body size. Functional Ecology 4, 5–12.
Fasting endurance and the evolution of mammalian body size.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Millar, JS, and Hickling, GJ (1992). The fasting endurance hypothesis revisited. Functional Ecology 6, 496–498.

Molnár, PK, Derocher, AE, Thiemann, GW, and Lewis, MA (2010). Predicting survival, reproduction and abundance of polar bears under climate change. Biological Conservation 143, 1612–1622.
Predicting survival, reproduction and abundance of polar bears under climate change.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Monterroso, P, Díaz-Ruiz, F, Lukacs, PM, Alves, PC, and Ferreras, P (2020). Ecological traits and the spatial structure of competitive coexistence among carnivores. Ecology 101, e03059.
Ecological traits and the spatial structure of competitive coexistence among carnivores.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 32333382PubMed |

Mori E, Mazza G, Lovari S (2017) Sexual dimorphism. In ‘Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior’. (Eds J Vonk, T Shakelford.) pp. 1–7. (Springer International Publishing, Switzerland)

Newbolt, CH, Acker, PK, Neuman, TJ, Hoffman, SI, Ditchkoff, SS, and Steury, TD (2017). Factors influencing reproductive success in male white-tailed deer. The Journal of Wildlife Management 81, 206–217.
Factors influencing reproductive success in male white-tailed deer.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Oli, MK (2004). The fast–slow continuum and mammalian life-history patterns: an empirical evaluation. Basic and Applied Ecology 5, 449–463.
The fast–slow continuum and mammalian life-history patterns: an empirical evaluation.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Pineda-Munoz, S, Jukar, AM, Tóth, AB, Fraser, D, Du, A, Barr, WA, Amatangelo, KL, Balk, MA, Behrensmeyer, AK, Blois, J, Davis, M, Eronen, JT, Gotelli, NJ, Looy, C, Miller, JH, Shupinski, AB, Soul, LC, Villaseñor, A, Wing, S, and Lyons, SK (2021). Body mass-related changes in mammal community assembly patterns during the late Quaternary of North America. Ecography 44, 56–66.
Body mass-related changes in mammal community assembly patterns during the late Quaternary of North America.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Pörschmann, U, Trillmich, F, Mueller, B, and Wolf, JBW (2010). Male reproductive success and its behavioural correlates in a polygynous mammal, the Galapagos sea lion (Zalophus wollebaeki). Molecular Ecology 19, 2574–2586.
Male reproductive success and its behavioural correlates in a polygynous mammal, the Galapagos sea lion (Zalophus wollebaeki).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 20497325PubMed |

Promislow, DEL, and Harvey, PH (1990). Living fast and dying young: a comparative analysis of life-history variation among mammals. Journal of Zoology 220, 417–437.
Living fast and dying young: a comparative analysis of life-history variation among mammals.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Quin, DG, Smith, AP, and Norton, TW (1996). Eco-geographic variation in size and sexual dimorphism in sugar gliders and squirrel gliders (Marsupialia: Petauridae). Australian Journal of Zoology 44, 19–45.
Eco-geographic variation in size and sexual dimorphism in sugar gliders and squirrel gliders (Marsupialia: Petauridae).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Ralls, K (1977). Sexual dimorphism in mammals: avian models and unanswered questions. The American Naturalist 111, 917–938.
Sexual dimorphism in mammals: avian models and unanswered questions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

R Core Team (2021) R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.

Rezende, EL, and Bacigalupe, LD (2015). Thermoregulation in endotherms: physiological principles and ecological consequences. Journal of Comparative Physiology Biology 185, 709–727.
Thermoregulation in endotherms: physiological principles and ecological consequences.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Rodríguez, MÁ, López-Sañudo, IL, and Hawkins, BA (2006). The geographic distribution of mammal body size in Europe. Global Ecology and Biogeography 15, 173–181.
The geographic distribution of mammal body size in Europe.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Rodríguez, MÁ, Olalla-Tárraga, MÁ, and Hawkins, BA (2008). Bergmann’s rule and the geography of mammal body size in the Western Hemisphere. Global Ecology and Biogeography 17, 274–283.
Bergmann’s rule and the geography of mammal body size in the Western Hemisphere.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Rowland, JA, Briscoe, NJ, and Handasyde, KA (2017). Comparing the thermal suitability of nest-boxes and tree-hollows for the conservation-management of arboreal marsupials. Biological Conservation 209, 341–348.
Comparing the thermal suitability of nest-boxes and tree-hollows for the conservation-management of arboreal marsupials.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Roycroft, EJ, Nations, JA, and Rowe, KC (2020). Environment predicts repeated body size shifts in a recent radiation of Australian mammals. Evolution 74, 671–680.
Environment predicts repeated body size shifts in a recent radiation of Australian mammals.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 31595503PubMed |

Rubner M (1982) ‘The Laws of Energy Consumption in Nutrition.’ (Academic Press, Inc.: London, UK)

Ryding, S, Klaassen, M, Tattersall, GJ, Gardner, JL, and Symonds, MRE (2021). Shape-shifting: changing animal morphologies as a response to climatic warming. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 36, 1036–1048.
Shape-shifting: changing animal morphologies as a response to climatic warming.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Salewski, V, and Watt, C (2017). Bergmann’s rule: a biophysiological rule examined in birds. Oikos 126, 161–172.
Bergmann’s rule: a biophysiological rule examined in birds.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Schai-Braun, SC, Steiger, P, Ruf, T, Arnold, W, and Hackländer, K (2021). Maternal effects on reproduction in the precocial European hare (Lepus europaeus). PLoS ONE 16, e0247174.
Maternal effects on reproduction in the precocial European hare (Lepus europaeus).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 33596263PubMed |

Scholander, PF, Hock, R, Walters, V, Johnson, F, and Irving, L (1950). Heat regulation in some arctic and tropical mammals and birds. The Biological Bulletin 99, 237–258.
Heat regulation in some arctic and tropical mammals and birds.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 14791422PubMed |

Sibly, RM, and Brown, JH (2007). Effects of body size and lifestyle on evolution of mammal life histories. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104, 17707–17712.
Effects of body size and lifestyle on evolution of mammal life histories.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 17940028PubMed |

Singh, S (2018). Understanding the role of slope aspect in shaping the vegetation attributes and soil properties in montane ecosystems. Tropical Ecology 59, 417–430.

Smith A (1984) Demographic consequences of reproduction, dispersal and social interaction in a population of Leadbeater’s possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri). In ‘Possums and Gliders’. (Eds A Smith, I Hume) pp. 359–373. (Surrey Beatty & Sons Pty Ltd: Sydney, NSW, Australia)

Smith AP (1980) The diet and ecology of Leadbeater’s possum and the sugar glider. PhD thesis, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.

Threatened Species Scientific Committee (2019) Conservation advice Gymnobelideus leadbeateri Leadbeater’s possum. Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra, Australia.

Tomé, CP, Smith, EA, Lyons, SK, Newsome, SD, and Smith, FA (2020). Changes in the diet and body size of a small herbivorous mammal (hispid cotton rat, Sigmodon hispidus) following the late Pleistocene megafauna extinction. Ecography 43, 604–619.
Changes in the diet and body size of a small herbivorous mammal (hispid cotton rat, Sigmodon hispidus) following the late Pleistocene megafauna extinction.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Tomlinson, S, and Withers, PC (2008). Biogeographical effects on body mass of native Australian and introduced mice, Pseudomys hermannsburgensis and Mus domesticus: an inquiry into Bergmann’s Rule. Australian Journal of Zoology 56, 423–430.
Biogeographical effects on body mass of native Australian and introduced mice, Pseudomys hermannsburgensis and Mus domesticus: an inquiry into Bergmann’s Rule.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Tyndale-Biscoe H (2005) ‘Life of Marsupials.’ (CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne, Victoria, Australia)

Venables W, Ripley B (2002) ‘Modern Applied Statistics with S.’ 4th edn. (Springer: New York, USA)

Weaver, LN, and Grossnickle, DM (2020). Functional diversity of small-mammal postcrania is linked to both substrate preference and body size. Current Zoology 66, 539–553.
Functional diversity of small-mammal postcrania is linked to both substrate preference and body size.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 33293932PubMed |

Wright, E, Galbany, J, McFarlin, SC, Ndayishimiye, E, Stoinski, TS, and Robbins, MM (2019). Male body size, dominance rank and strategic use of aggression in a group-living mammal. Animal Behaviour 151, 87–102.
Male body size, dominance rank and strategic use of aggression in a group-living mammal.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |