Toxicity effects of oral gavage of aqueous solutions of cube-root powder and sodium nitrite in common carp
D. K. J. Morgan A C D , H. Kumar B , N. Ling A and B. J. Hicks A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Biological Sciences, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton, New Zealand.
B Zelam Limited, PO Box 7142, New Plymouth, New Zealand.
C Present address: Department of Environment Water and Natural Resources, PO Box 39, Kingscote, Kangaroo Island, SA 5223, Australia.
D Corresponding author. Email: dai.morgan@sa.gov.au
Wildlife Research 40(8) 647-653 https://doi.org/10.1071/WR12214
Submitted: 11 December 2012 Accepted: 16 January 2014 Published: 28 February 2014
Abstract
Context: Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is a highly invasive freshwater pest fish that has been linked to waterway degradation when it has been introduced and exists at high densities. The deployment of a toxic bait may be a logistically simple tool that wildlife managers could use to reduce carp populations. Rotenone, the piscicide most commonly used in previous attempts to produce a carp bait is very expensive, albeit highly toxic to carp. We investigated the toxicity of two potential alternative piscicides to carp.
Aim: To determine the oral toxicity of two alternative cheaper toxins to carp, cube-root powder (CRP) and sodium nitrite (nitrite).
Methods: CRP or nitrite was administered in an aqueous solution by gavage to lightly sedated captive carp. The aqueous solution consisted of a 30 : 70 mixture (w/w) of the surfactant, Polysorbate 80, to increase the absorption of toxins through the intestine, and water.
Key results: The LD50 of CRP and nitrite in carp was 135.7 mg kg–1 and 122.0 mg kg–1, respectively.
Conclusions: Both CRP and nitrite are toxic to carp at dose rates low enough to be incorporated into a piscicide bait for this species.
Implications: Both CRP and nitrite appear to be viable alternative oral piscicides to rotenone for carp and warrant further investigation of delivery in bait.
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