Mitigation of N2O emissions from surface-irrigated cropping systems using water management and the nitrification inhibitor DMPP
Hizbullah Jamali A B E , Wendy Quayle A B , Clemens Scheer C and Jeff Baldock D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A CSIRO Agriculture, PMB 3, Griffith, NSW 2680, Australia.
B Centre for Regional and Rural Futures (CeRRF), Deakin University, Griffith, NSW 2680, Australia.
C Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld 4000, Australia.
D CSIRO Agriculture, PMB 2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia.
E Corresponding author. Email: hiz.jamali@csiro.au; hizbjamali@gmail.com
Soil Research 54(5) 481-493 https://doi.org/10.1071/SR15315
Submitted: 29 October 2015 Accepted: 11 March 2016 Published: 21 June 2016
Journal Compilation © CSIRO Publishing 2016 Open Access CC BY-NC-ND
Abstract
Soils under irrigated agriculture are a significant source of nitrous oxide (N2O) owing to high inputs of nitrogen (N) fertiliser and water. This study investigated the potential for N2O mitigation by manipulating the soil moisture deficit through irrigation scheduling in combination with, and in comparison to, using the nitrification inhibitor, 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP). Lysimeter cores planted with wheat were fitted with automated chambers for continuous measurements of N2O fluxes. Treatments included conventional irrigation (CONV), reduced deficit irrigation (RED), CONV-DMPP and RED-DMPP. The total seasonal volume of irrigation water applied was constant for all treatments but the timing and quantity in individual irrigation applications varied among treatments. 15N-labelled urea was used to track the source of N2O emissions and plant N uptake. The majority of N2O emissions occurred immediately after irrigations began on 1 September 2014. Applying RED and DMPP individually slightly decreased N2O emissions but when applied in combination (RED-DMPP) the greatest reductions in N2O emissions were observed. There was no effect of treatments on plant N uptake, 15N recovery or yield possibly because the system was not N limited. Half of the plant N and 53% to 87% of N2O was derived from non-fertiliser sources in soil, highlighting the opportunity to further exploit this valuable N pool.
Additional keywords: irrigation, leaching, nitrogen-15 isotope, nitrous oxide, wheat.
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