Changes in bacterial community composition across natural grassland and pine forests in the Bunya Mountains in subtropical Australia
Ju-Pei Shen A B , Maryam Esfandbod A , Steve A. Wakelin C , Gary Bacon A , Qiaoyun Huang D and Chengrong Chen
A E
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Australian Rivers Institute and School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia.
B Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
C Scion, PO Box 29237, Riccarton, Christchurch 8440, New Zealand.
D State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
E Corresponding author. Email: c.chen@griffith.edu.au
Soil Research 57(8) 825-834 https://doi.org/10.1071/SR19111
Submitted: 10 May 2019 Accepted: 7 August 2019 Published: 17 September 2019
Abstract
Tree and grass species coexist in many ecosystems worldwide and support multiple ecosystem functions and services. However, the distribution of bacterial communities and factors driving coexistence in tree–grass associations and their ecosystem functions remain poorly understood. In this study, the distribution of soil bacteria and their link to changes in abiotic factors were investigated in adjacent montane grassland (C4 plants) and pine forest (bunya pine and hoop pine; C3 plants) sites in the Bunya Mountains, subtropical Australia. Different vegetation (grassy balds and forest) had a substantial effect on terrestrial ecosystem properties, with higher levels of soil nutrients (e.g. total nitrogen (N), total phosphorus (P)) and electrical conductivity (EC), and lower δ13C values and pH under forests compared with grassland. Bacterial α-diversity (total species per operational taxonomic unit richness) did not differ between grassland and pine forest sites, whereas strong shifts in the bacterial community composition and structure were evident. Patterns in bacterial community structure were strongly associated with changes in soil pH, EC, total P and δ13C. Different bacterial groups associated with pine forest (Gammaproteobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria) and grassland (Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia) were identified as key groups contributing to the segregation of these two ecosystems in the Bunya Mountains. These findings suggest that heterogeneity in soil edaphic properties (e.g. key nutrients) likely contributed to variation in bacterial β-diversity of grassland and pine forest, which has potential implications for species coexistence and ecosystem function in montane eastern Australia.
Additional keywords: β-diversity, δ13C, montane grassy balds, soil bacterial community, tree–grass coexistence.
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