Suppressiveness or conduciveness to Fusarium wilt of bananas differs between key Australian soils
Alison Bowen
A , Ryan Orr A , Anna V. McBeath B , Anthony Pattison B and Paul N. Nelson A C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A James Cook University, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia.
B Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, South Johnstone, Qld 4859, Australia.
C Corresponding author. Email: paul.nelson@jcu.edu.au
Soil Research 57(2) 158-165 https://doi.org/10.1071/SR18159
Submitted: 7 June 2018 Accepted: 13 December 2018 Published: 7 February 2019
Abstract
Soils are known to differ in suppressiveness to soil-borne diseases, but the suppressiveness or otherwise to Fusarium wilt of Australian soils used to grow bananas is unknown. In this work we tested the relative suppressiveness of six key soil types. Banana (Musa (AAB group) ‘Pome’, cultivar ‘Lady Finger’) was grown in pots of the soils inoculated or not with Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) ‘Race 1’. Sixteen weeks after inoculation the plants were harvested and disease severity was assessed by measuring discoloration within the rhizome. In the inoculated pots, disease severity was greatest in the alluvial Liverpool and Virgil soils and least in the basaltic origin Tolga soil. No disease was detected in the non-inoculated pots. Soils with the lowest disease severity had the highest root mass, irrespective of inoculation, and the largest (negative) effect of inoculation on root dry mass. Disease severity in inoculated pots was negatively correlated with soil clay content and β-glucosidase activity. The results indicate that the risk of Fusarium wilt negatively impacting banana growth differs between soils of the main Australian banana-growing region.
Additional keywords: clay, crop disease, microbial diversity, soil fungi, tropical soils.
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