Physical quality of a Luvisol under agroforestry systems in a semi-arid region, Brazil
Rafaela Watanabe A , Getulio Coutinho Figueiredo B , Alvaro Pires da Silva B , Júlio César Lima Neves C and Teógenes Senna de Oliveira C D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Soil Science, Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Campus Pici, Bloco 807, 60455-760, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
B Department of Soil Science, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ-USP), Avenida Pádua Dias 11, Caixa Postal 09, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
C Department of Soils, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus UFV, 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
D Corresponding author. Email: teo@ufv.br
Soil Research 54(4) 430-439 https://doi.org/10.1071/SR15179
Submitted: 26 June 2015 Accepted: 26 September 2015 Published: 20 June 2016
Abstract
Agroforestry systems provide many environmental benefits in semi-arid regions; however, trampling by cattle, and agricultural practices, can degrade physical quality of the soil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of compaction and the compression behaviour of a Luvisol after 14 years under agro-silvopastoral (ASP) and silvopastoral systems (SILV), compared with a soil under natural vegetation (NV). We evaluated the degree of soil compactness, compaction index, pre-consolidation pressure, maximum bulk density, critical water content and the stocks of total organic carbon (C), organic matter (OM), C in light organic matter (LOM), and nitrogen (N) in LOM. The results indicated that agroforestry systems change the compressive behaviour of the soil, increasing maximum bulk density (P < 0.05) and reducing critical water content (P < 0.05). Despite the increases in maximum bulk density, changes induced by agroforestry system did not affect the pore space, as shown by similar values for degree of compactness (P > 0.05) under ASP, SILV and NV. This suggests a change in the quality of OM, as evidenced by the lower values for stocks of N in LOM (P < 0.10) and total organic C (P < 0.05) under ASP and SILV, whereas pre-consolidation pressure was unaffected (P > 0.05). After 14 years, the degree of compactness and load-bearing capacity of the soils under ASP and SILV had not increased, being suitable for plant growth.
Additional keywords: animal trampling, load-bearing capacity, semi-arid, soil compaction, soil physical quality.
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