Interactive effects from combining inorganic and organic fertilisers on phosphorus availability
Xiang Li A , Caixia Dong A , Yiren Liu A , Yanxia Liu A , Qirong Shen A and Yangchun Xu A B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Solid Wastes Utilisation, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
B Corresponding author. Email: ycxu@njau.edu.cn
Soil Research 50(7) 607-615 https://doi.org/10.1071/SR12232
Submitted: 8 April 2012 Accepted: 9 October 2012 Published: 13 November 2012
Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted using different ratios of triple superphosphate (TSP) to pig manure (PM) to determine the best ratio for combining inorganic and organic fertilisers to attain optimum crop yields, and investigate the mechanisms affecting P availability in a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–soybean (Glycine max L.) rotation in eastern China. The TSP/PM treatment ratios used were: T1, 0/0 as a control; T2, 100/0; T3, 90/10; T4, 80/20; T5, 70/30; T6, 0/100. All treatments except T1 received the same amount of P. Treatment T4 gave significant yield increases of 25.6% in 2008 and 16.8% in 2009 compared with T2. Regarding the various forms of organic P (Po) under different fertilisation treatments, the labile Po of treatment T4 was 60.0% higher than that of T2. The contents of moderately labile Po were in the order T6 > T5 = T4 > T3 > T2 > T1. The addition of pig manure decreased the contents of iron (Fe)-P and calcium-P and occluded-P more than the content of aluminium-P. Compared with the T2 treatment, soil inorganic P decreased by 5.3%, 12.1%, and 15.0% when the ratios of TSP/PM in fertiliser were T3, T4, and T5, respectively. Microbial biomass and phytase activity of treatment T4 were not significantly different from those of T5 and T6, but significantly increased compared with T2. When the amount of leachate was 50 mL, only 1.6%, 8.4%, and 9.8% of total 32P leached from the T1, T2, and T4 soils, respectively. Treatment T4 resulted in higher grain yield, increased labile Po and moderately labile Po, and decreased Fe-P and occluded-P, and promoted microbial biomass P and phytase activity, which were better outcomes for a wheat–soybean rotation. Fertilising soil with combined organic and inorganic P sources could lower P fixation and enhance P mobility.
Additional keywords: combining organic and inorganic fertilisers, grain yield, Po and Pi fractions, microbial biomass P, 32P.
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