Effects of nitrogen fertiliser and wheat straw application on CH4 and N2O emissions from a paddy rice field
J. Ma A C , X. L. Li A C , H. Xu A , Y. Han A , Z. C. Cai A and K. Yagi BA State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
B National Institute of Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-1, Kannondai, Tsukuba 305, Japan.
C Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
D Corresponding author. Email: hxu@issas.ac.cn
Australian Journal of Soil Research 45(5) 359-367 https://doi.org/10.1071/SR07039
Submitted: 21 March 2007 Accepted: 12 July 2007 Published: 16 August 2007
Abstract
A 3-year field experiment was conducted to study the effects of nitrogen fertiliser and straw application on CH4 and N2O emissions from a paddy rice field in China from 2003 to 2005. Three rates of nitrogen fertiliser (0, 200, and 270 kg N/ha) and 2 levels of wheat straw (0 and 3.75 × 103 kg/ha) were adopted in this experiment. The effect of nitrogen fertiliser application on CH4 emission seemed to be affected by application rate. Nitrogen fertiliser decreased CH4 emission relative to the control when applied at a rate of 200 kg N/ha, but the effect lessened if the application rate was further increased to a rate of 270 kg N/ha. The depressive effect of nitrogen fertiliser application on CH4 emissions from rice fields became more pronounced when wheat straw was also incorporated with fertiliser, compared with nitrogen fertiliser application alone. Straw incorporation significantly enhanced CH4 emission by 3–11 times (P < 0.05). Nitrogen fertiliser application increased N2O emission by 5–6 times when applied at a rate of 200 kg N/ha and by 10–14 times when applied at a rate of 270 kg N/ha. On average, straw incorporation tended to decrease N2O emission by about 30% significant (P > 0.05). More than 50% of seasonal total amount of N2O was emitted within 11 days after fertiliser application at panicle initiation. The global warming potential caused by both CH4 and N2O emissions was affected by nitrogen fertiliser application rate and significantly stimulated by wheat straw incorporation. The global warming potential was lowest when nitrogen fertiliser was applied at a rate of 200 kg N/ha.
Additional keyword: GWP.
Acknowledgments
This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40621001 and 40671094). The authors express their sincere gratitude to the responsible editors and anonymous reviewers for their corrections and suggestions to the manuscript.
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