Temperature effects on water absorption by three different porous materials
D. E. SmilesCSIRO Land and Water, PO Box 1666, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia. Email: david.smiles@csiro.au
Australian Journal of Soil Research 43(4) 533-540 https://doi.org/10.1071/SR04121
Submitted: 13 August 2004 Accepted: 27 January 2005 Published: 30 June 2005
Abstract
Absorption of water by relatively dry soil and by chromatography paper, and desorption of water by clay, were measured at constant temperatures close to 278K, 293K, and 306K. Within experimental error, temperature affected absorption of water by soil and chromatography paper simply according to the temperature dependence of the kinematic viscosity and of the air–liquid surface tension of pure water. Desorption of water by saturated bentonite slurry, where there were no air–water interfaces, scaled simply according to the temperature effects on the kinematic viscosity of pure water.
Additional keywords: unsteady flow, temperature dependence, viscosity, surface tension.
Acknowledgments
Some of these experiments were necessary to define flow properties in soils heavily irrigated with piggery effluent. Australian Pork Ltd supported this aspect of the work.
Bachmann J,
Horton R,
Grant SA, van der Ploeg RR
(2002) Temperature dependence of soil water retention curves of wettable and water repellent soils Soil Science Society of America Journal 66, 44–52.
Bruce RR, Klute A
(1956) The measurement of soil diffusivity. Proceedings of the Soil Science Society of America 20, 458–462.
Childs, EC (1969).
Childs EC, George N
(1948) Interaction of water and porous materials. Soil geometry and soil-water equilibria. Discussions of the Faraday Society 3, 78–85.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Constantz J
(1982) Temperature dependence of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of two soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal 46, 466–470.
Gardner R
(1955) Relation of temperature to moisture tension of soil. Soil Science 79, 257–265.
Gardner WR
(1959) Diffusivity of soil water during sorption as affected by temperature. Soil Science Society of America Proceedings 23, 406–407.
Grant SA, Bachmann J
(2002) Effect of temperature on capillary pressure. ‘Contributions to environmental mechanics: a tribute to John Philip’. Geophysical Monographs Series (Eds PAC Raats, DE Smiles, AW Warrick)
pp. 199–212. (American Geophysical Union: Washington, DC)
Hopmans JW, Dane JH
(1986a) Temperature dependence of soil hydraulic properties. Soil Science Society of America Journal 50, 4–9.
Hopmans JW, Dane JH
(1986b) Temperature dependence of soil hydraulic properties Soil Science Society of America Journal 50, 4–9.
Miller EE, Miller RD
(1956) Physical theory for capillary flow phenomena. Journal of Applied Physics 27, 324–332.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Nimmo JR, Miller EE
(1986) Isothermal moisture vs potential characteristics of soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal 50, 1105–1113.
Philip JR, de Vries DA
(1957) Moisture movement in porous materials under temperature gradients. Transactions - American Geophysical Union 38, 222–232.
Richards LA
(1931) Capillary conduction of liquids through porous mediums. Physics 1, 318–333.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Smiles DE
(1998) Water flow in filter paper and capillary suction time. Chemical Engineering Science 53, 2211–2218.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Smiles DE
(2001) Chemical reaction and Co-60 retardation in unsteady unsaturated soil water flow: the effect of clay content. Australian Journal of Soil Research 39, 1059–1075.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Smiles DE,
Barnes CJ, Gardner WR
(1985) Water relations of saturated bentonite – some effects of salt concentration and temperature. Soil Science Society of America Journal 49, 66–69.
Smiles DE,
Philip JR,
Knight JH, Elrick DE
(1978) Hydrodynamic dispersion during absorption of water by soil. Soil Science Society of America Journal 42, 229–234.
Smiles DE, Rosenthal MJ
(1968) The movement of water in swelling materials. Australian Journal of Soil Research 6, 237–248.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Smiles DE, Smith CJ
(2004) Absorption of artificial piggery effluent by soil: A laboratory study Australian Journal of Soil Research 42, 1–15.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Smiles DE, Towner GD
(1968) The steady state measurement of the hydraulic conductivity-moisture content relationship in soils. Water Resources Research 4, 1029–1030.
Smiles DE,
Vachaud G, Vauclin M
(1971) A test of the uniqueness of the soil moisture characteristic during non-hysteretic, horizontal flow of water in a rigid soil Soil Science Society of America Journal 35, 534–539.
Stoffregen H, Wessolek G, Renger M, Plagge R
(1997) Effect of temperature on hydraulic conductivity. ‘Proceedings of the International Workshop on Characterization and Measurement of the Hydraulic Properties of Unsaturated Porous Media’.
. (Ed. MTh vanGenuchten ,
FJ Leij ,
L Wu )
pp. 497–506. (University of California: Riverside, CA)
Sverdrup, HU ,
Johnson, MW ,
and
Fleming, RH (1942).
Taylor SA, Stewart GL
(1960) Some thermodynamic properties of soil water. Soil Science Society of America Proceedings 24, 243–247.
Terzaghi K.
(1923) Die Berechnung der Durchlassigkeitsziffer des Tones aus dem Verlauf der Hydrodynamischen Spannungserscheinungen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wein, Sitzungberichte, Mathematisch-Naturewissenschaftliche Klasse 132,
Weast, RC (Ed.) (1978).
