
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Smith, CJ 
A1  - Freney, JR 
A1  - Bond, WJ 
T1  - Ammonia volatilisation from soil irrigated with urban sewage effluent
JF  - Soil Research
JO  - Soil Res.
Y1  - 1996
VL  - 34
IS  - 5
SP  - 789
EP  - 802
KW  - nitrogen loss, micrometeorology, gas exchange.
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1071/SR9960789 
N2  - Losses of ammonia (NH3) following sewage effluent irrigation of pasture were measured under different climatic conditions at Wagga Wagga, New South Wales. Ammonia volatilisation was measured by the micrometeorological mass balance technique using 2 different passive samplers, and by an indirect technique based on the measurements of ammoniacal-N (NH4+ + NH3) concentration, pH, and temperature of the soil solution in the 0&ndash;3 mm soil layer, and wind speed at 1.2 m above the soil surface. Maximal NH3 emission rates were measured directly following the effluent-irrigation. There was reasonable agreement between the 2 different passive gas samplers used to measure NH3 volatilisation. The NH3 volatilised was well related to the product of wind speed and the equilibrium ammonia concentration (calculated from the soil solution measurements) as was found in other studies. In addition, NH3 flux density was strongly related to evaporation; that is, when the water (effluent) evaporated NH3 was lost to the atmosphere. Under high evaporative conditions, a maximum of 24% of the ammoniacal-N in the effluent was lost by volatilisation within 2 days of application. 
ER  -

