Screening of some Leguminosae seeds for nematicidal activity

Abstract

Root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., are the major nematode pests of economic crops worldwide. Use of conventional nematicides has been one of the most effective methods to reduce their populations. However, the ban on many effective nematicides in recent past has necessitated the search for alternative sources of effective and ecofriendly chemicals for nematode control. The nematicidal potential of fifteen Leguminosae seeds (wild and cultivated) was assessed, in vitro, against juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood. Each standard aqueous seed extract, 25g/100ml (w/v), was evaluated at dilutions, 1:10, 1:20, and 1:40 at 27+1°C for 24 hours. The majority of seed extracts caused high mortality rates, especially in 1:10 concentration. Trigonella foenum graceum, Sesbania sesban, Albizzia lebbak, Cassia fistula and Pongamia glabra were the most efficacious (above 90% mortality). S. sesban and P. glabra were significantly effective even in the lowest concentration (1:40).