Analysing the assembly of cenocrons in the Mexican transition zone through a time-sliced cladistic biogeographic analysis
Violeta Corral-Rosas A B and Juan J. Morrone A CA Museo de Zoología ‘Alfonso L. Herrera’, Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510 Mexico City, Mexico.
B Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio A, 1er. Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510 Mexico City, Mexico.
C Corresponding author. Email: juanmorrone2001@yahoo.com.mx
Australian Systematic Botany 29(6) 489-501 https://doi.org/10.1071/SB16048
Submitted: 2 November 2016 Accepted: 16 March 2017 Published: 11 May 2017
Abstract
A transition zone shows the overlap between two or more regions and represents an event of biotic hybridisation, where different cenocrons assembled as a result of historical and ecological processes. The Mexican transition zone, the area where the Nearctic and Neotropical regions overlap, includes the following five biogeographical provinces: Sierra Madre Occidental, Sierra Madre Oriental, Sierra Madre del Sur, Transmexican Volcanic Belt and Chiapas Highlands. Within this transition zone, the following five cenocrons have already been recognised: Paleoamerican, Mexican Plateau, Mountain Mesoamerican, Nearctic and Typical Neotropical. We undertook three cladistic biogeographic analyses on the basis of 49 cladograms of terrestrial taxa, partitioning them into three time-slices, namely, Miocene (Mountain Mesoamerican cenocron), Pliocene (Mountain Mesoamerican plus Nearctic cenocrons) and Pleistocene (Mountain Mesoamerican, Nearctic and Typical Neotropical cenocrons). For the Miocene time-slice, we observed a close relationship of the Transmexican Volcanic Belt with the Neotropical region, whereas, for the Pliocene and Pleistocene time-slices, the closest relationship of the Transmexican Volcanic Belt was with the Nearctic region. We conclude that the Transmexican Volcanic Belt may have played a different role according to the cenocron analysed, and that the Mexican transition zone differs in its delimitation depending on the taxa analysed, strengthening the idea that it is a complex area.
Additional keywords: cladistic biogeography, dispersal, vicariance.
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