The Corallinaceae, subfamily Mastophoroideae (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) in south-eastern Australia
A. S. Harvey A C , L. E. Phillips A , W. J. Woelkerling A and A. J. K. Millar BA Department of Botany, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic. 3083, Australia.
B Royal Botanic Gardens, Mrs Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.
C Corresponding author. Email: A.Harvey@latrobe.edu.au
Australian Systematic Botany 19(5) 387-429 https://doi.org/10.1071/SB05029
Submitted: 23 September 2005 Accepted: 1 May 2006 Published: 19 October 2006
Abstract
The first monographic account of the south-eastern Australian representatives of the Corallinaceae, subfamily Mastophoroideae (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) is presented. The Mastophoroideae contains eight extant genera, four of which [Hydrolithon, Mastophora, Neogoniolithon, Pneophyllum] were confirmed to occur in south-eastern Australia. Hydrolithon is represented by six species (H. farinosum, H. improcerum, H. munitum, H. onkodes, H. rupestre and H. samoënse). Pneophyllum is represented by three species (P. coronatum, P. fragile and P. submersiporum) while Mastophora and Neogoniolithon are represented by a single species each (Mastophora pacifica and Neogoniolithon brassica-florida). Morphological and anatomical accounts are provided, including keys to genera and species, comparisons with related south-eastern Australian mastophoroid species, information on distribution, seasonality, habitat and nomenclature. Brief biogeographical comparisons between south-eastern Australia and other Australasian regions are also made.
Acknowledgments
Sincere thanks are due Chris O’Brien, David Hardin and Nick Yee who assisted in collecting specimens from NSW; Sascha Brand, Petra Ringeltaube, Robert Harvey and Andrea Schmitt for help in field collecting in Queensland. Trevor Phillips (Department of Botany, La Trobe University) assisted with photographing specimens. Financial support provided by the Australian Research Council to the third author and an Australian Postgraduate Award Scholarship to the first author, are also gratefully acknowledged.
Adey WH,
Townsend RA, Boykins WT
(1982) The crustose coralline algae (Rhodophyta: Corallinaceae) of the Hawaiian Islands. Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences 15, 1–72.
Bailey JC
(1999) Phylogenetic positions of Lithophyllum incrustans and Titanoderma pustulatum (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta) based on 18S rRNA gene sequence analyses, with a revised classification of the Lithophylloideae. Phycologia 38, 208–216.
Bailey JC, Chapman RL
(1998) A phylogenetic study of the Corallinales (Rhodophyta) based on nuclear small-subunit rRNA gene sequences. Journal of Phycology 34, 692–705.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Bailey JC,
Gabel JE, Freshwater DW
(2004) Nuclear 18S rRNA gene sequence analyses indicate that the Mastophoroideae (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta) is a polyphyletic taxon. Phycologia 43, 3–12.
Barry GC, Woelkerling WJ
(1995) Non-geniculate species of Corallinaceae (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) in Shark Bay, Western Australia: Biodiversity, salinity tolerances and biogeographic affinities. Botanica Marina 38, 135–149.
Chamberlain YM
(1983) Studies in the Corallinaceae with special reference to Fosliella and Pneophyllum in the British Isles. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Botany) 11, 291–463.
Chamberlain YM
(1993) Observations on the crustose coralline red alga Spongites yendoi (Foslie) comb. nov. in South Africa and its relationship to S. decipiens (Foslie) comb. nov. and Lithophyllum natalense Foslie. Phycologia 32, 100–115.
Chamberlain YM
(1994b) Pneophyllum coronatum (Rosanoff) D. Penrose comb. nov., P. keatsii sp. nov., Spongites discoideus (Foslie) D. Penrose et Woelkerling and S. impar (Foslie) Y. Chamberlain comb. nov. (Rhodophyta, Corallinaceae) from South Africa. Phycologia 33, 141–157.
Chamberlain YM, Norris RE
(1994a) Hydrolithon pellire sp. nov., a mastophoroid crustose coralline red algal epiphyte from South Africa. Phycologia 33, 291–297.
Chamberlain YM, Norris RE
(1994b) Pneophyllum amplexifrons (Harvey) comb. nov., a mastophoroid crustose coralline red algal epiphyte from Natal, South Africa. Phycologia 33, 8–18.
Foslie M, Howe MA
(1906) New American coralline algae. Bulletin of the New York Botanical Garden 4, 128–136.
Gordon GD,
Masaki T, Akioka H
(1976) Floristic and distributional account of the common crustose coralline algae on Guam. Micronesia 12, 247–277.
Harvey AS,
Woelkerling WJ, Millar AJK
(2002) The Sporolithaceae (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) in south-eastern Australia: taxonomy and 18S rRNA phylogeny. Phycologia 41, 207–227.
Harvey AS,
Woelkerling WJ, Millar AJK
(2003a) An account of the Hapalidiaceae (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) in south-eastern Australia. Australian Systematic Botany 16, 647–698.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Harvey A,
Broadwater S,
Woelkerling WJ, Mitrovski PJ
(2003b) Choreonema (Corallinales, Rhodophyta): 18S rRNA phylogeny and resurrection of the Hapalidiaceae for the subfamilies Choreonematoideae, Austrolithoideae and Melobesioideae. Journal of Phycology 39, 988–998.
Iryu Y, Matsuda S
(1994) Taxonomic studies of the Neogoniolithon fosliei complex (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta) in the Ryukyu islands. Transaction and Proceedings of Palaeontological Society of Japan 174, 426–448.
Iryu Y, Matsuda S
(1996) Hydrolithon murakoshii sp. nov. (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta) from Ishigaki-jima, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Phycologia 35, 528–536.
Keats DW, Chamberlain YM
(1994) Three species of Hydrolithon (Rhodophyta, Corallinaceae): Hydrolithon onkodes (Heydrich) Penrose and Woelkerling, Hydrolithon superficiale sp. nov., and H. samoënse (Foslie) comb. nov. from South Africa. South African Journal of Botany 60, 8–21.
Keats DW,
Groener A, Chamberlain YM
(1993) Cell sloughing in the littoral zone coralline alga, Spongites yendoi (Foslie) Chamberlain (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta). Phycologia 32, 143–150.
Keats DW,
Chamberlain YM, Baba M
(1997) Pneophyllum conicum (Dawson) comb. nov. (Rhodophyta, Corallinaceae) a widespread Indo-Pacific non-geniculate coralline alga that overgrows and kills live coral. Botanica Marina 40, 263–279.
Kjøsterud A
(1997) Epiphytic coralline crusts (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) from South Norway. Sarsia 82, 23–37.
Mateo-Cid LE, Pedroche FF
(2004) The occurrence of Neogoniolithon fosliei (Heydrich) Setchell et Mason in the Mexican Caribbean and the relationship of this species to N. solubile (Foslie et Howe) Setchell et Mason (Corallinales, Rhodophyta). Caribbean Journal of Science 40, 182–191.
Millar AJK, Kraft GT
(1993) Catalogue of marine and freshwater red algae (Rhodophyta) of New South Wales, including Lord Howe Island, South-western Pacific. Australian Systematic Botany 6, 1–90.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Penrose DL
(1991) Spongites fruticulosus (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta), the type species of Spongites, in southern Australia. Phycologia 30, 438–448.
Penrose DL
(1992a) Neogoniolithon fosliei (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta), the type species of Neogoniolithon, in southern Australia. Phycologia 31, 338–350.
Penrose DL
(1992b) Hydrolithon cymodoceae (Foslie) comb. nov. (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta) in southern Australia and its relationships to Fosliella. Phycologia 31, 89–100.
Penrose DL, Chamberlain YM
(1993) Hydrolithon farinosum (Lamouroux) comb. nov.: implications for generic concepts in the Mastophoroideae (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta). Phycologia 32, 295–303.
Penrose DL, Woelkerling WJ
(1988) A taxonomic reassessment of Hydrolithon Foslie, Porolithon Foslie and Pseudolithophyllum Lemoine emend. Adey (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta) and their relationships to Spongites Kützing. Phycologia 27, 159–176.
Penrose DL, Woelkerling WJ
(1991) Pneophyllum fragile in southern Australia: implications for generic concepts in the Mastophoroideae (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta). Phycologia 30, 495–506.
Penrose DL, Woelkerling WJ
(1992) A reappraisal of Hydrolithon and its relationship to Spongites (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta). Phycologia 31, 81–88.
Ringeltaube P, Harvey A
(2000) Non-geniculate coralline algae (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) on Heron Reef, Great Barrier Reef (Australia). Botanica Marina 43, 431–454.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Saunders GW, Bailey JC
(1997) Phylogenesis of pit-plug-associated features in the Rhodophyta: inferences from molecular systematic data. Canadian Journal of Botany 75, 1436–1447.
Townsend RA, Adey WH
(1990) Morphology of the Caribbean alga: Goniolithon improcerum Foslie et Howe in Foslie (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyceae). Botanica Marina 33, 99–116.
Turner JA, Woelkerling WJ
(1982) Studies on the Mastophora–Lithoporella complex (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta). II. Reproduction and generic concepts. Phycologia 21, 218–235.
Verheij E
(1994) Nongeniculate Corallinaceae (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) from the Spermonde Archipelago, SW Sulawesi, Indonesia. Blumea 39, 95–137.
Wegeberg S
(2001) Melobesia subplana Rosenvinge (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) is conspecific with Pneophyllum fragile Kützing. Nordic Journal of Botany 21, 329–336.
Woelkerling WJ
(1993) Type collections of Corallinales (Rhodophyta) in the Foslie herbarium (TRH). Gunneria 67, 1–289.
Woelkerling WJ,
Irvine LM, Harvey AS
(1993a) Growth-forms in non-geniculate coralline red algae (Corallinales, Rhodophyta). Australian Systematic Botany 6, 277–293.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Woelkerling WJ,
Penrose DL, Chamberlain YM
(1993b) A reassessment of type collections of non-geniculate Corallinaceae (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) described by C. Montagne and L. Dufour, and of Melobesia brassica-florida Harvey. Phycologia 32, 323–331.
1 Current definitions of the term ‘palisade’ refer to the ratio of cell height to length (height at least 2–4 times cell length) (Woelkerling 1988, fig. 20). (Palisade cells only occur in the basal filaments of certain genera and primary pits are only visible in longitudinal section.)
2 Gametangial conceptacles of Neogoniolithon have not been found in south-eastern Australia but are known from southern Australia. For detailed data and illustrations of gametangial conceptacles in Neogoniolithon brassica-florida see Penrose (1992a, as N. fosliei).