Morphology and molecular phylogeny of the marine algal order Gelidiales (Rhodophyta) from New South Wales, including Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands
Alan J. K. Millar A C and D. Wilson Freshwater BA Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney, Mrs Macquaries Rd, Sydney, NSW 2000 Australia.
B Centre for Marine Science, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, 5600 Marvin Moss Lane, Wilmington, NC 28409, USA.
C Corrresponding author. Email: alan.millar@rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au
Australian Systematic Botany 18(3) 215-263 https://doi.org/10.1071/SB04041
Submitted: 12 October 2004 Accepted: 1 April 2005 Published: 30 June 2005
Abstract
Fifteen species in seven genera of the marine benthic red algal order Gelidiales are reported from the New South Wales coast including Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island. Critical sampling, a re-examination of herbarium specimens filed in the Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney and the University of Melbourne, and molecular sequencing of most of the species has determined that many of the previous identifications from this region of the Pacific were incorrect. Gelidium pusillum (Stackhouse) Le Jolis, once widely reported from this coast, is shown not to occur here and the specimens on which these misidentifications were made have proved to represent either new species or previously described species. Similarly, records of Gelidium australe J. Agardh have been found to represent misidentification of the formerly New Zealand endemic Gelidium allanii V.J.Chapman, and specimens identified as Gelidium caulacantheum J. Agardh actually represent the new species Gelidium hommersandii sp. nov. Previously recorded species verified in this study are Capreolia implexa Guiry & Womersley, Gelidiella acerosa (Forsskål) Feldmann & G.Hamel, Gelidium maidenii Lucas, Pterocladia lucida (Turner) J. Agardh, Pterocladiella caerulescens (Kützing) Santelices & Hommersand [as Pterocladia caerulescens (Kützing) Santelices], Pterocladiella capillacea (Gmelin) Santelices & Hommersand [as Pterocladia capillacea (Gmelin) Bornet], and Ptilophora pectinata (A. & E.S. Gepp) R.E.Norris. These species are described and illustrated in detail along with previously unreported reproductive structures. Three species are newly recorded for the New South Wales mainland [Parviphycus antipae Celan, Gelidium crinale (Turner) Gaillon, and Pterocladiella caloglossoides (Howe) Santelices], and two species (Gelidium isabelae W.R.Taylor and Gelidium allanii V.J.Chapman) represent new records for the Australian continent. In addition, three new species are described: Gelidium bernabei sp. nov., Gelidium declerckii sp. nov., and Gelidium hommersandii sp. nov.
Acknowledgments
We especially thank Drs Gerald Kraft, Wendy Nelson and Max Hommersand, who supplied many specimens for study. Dr Karla McDermid provided the Latin diagnoses for the three new species and Lesley Elkan kindly drew the botanical illustrations. Fellow diving partners were Dr John Huisman, Chris O’Brien, Peter Richards and David Hardin. This project was funded by an Australian Biological Resources Study (ABRS), a Visiting Research Fellowship to DWF from the Friends of the Gardens (Sydney), and USA National Science Foundation Grant DEB-9726170. We thank Pinetrees Lodge for help on the Lord Howe Island expedition, and Karlene Christian and Jack Marges of Bounty Divers on Norfolk Island. Mr Nick Yee accompanied us on many of the collecting expeditions and assisted with the generation of sequence data at RBGS and his help was greatly appreciated.
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