Consistently high heat tolerance acclimation in response to a simulated heatwave across species from the broadly distributed Acacia genus
Samuel C. Andrew
A § * , Pieter A. Arnold B § * , Anna K. Simonsen C D and Verónica F. Briceño B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A CSIRO Land and Water, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia.
B Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia.
C Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
D Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia.
* Correspondence to: sam.andrew@csiro.au, Pieter.Arnold@anu.edu.au
Handling Editor: Suleyman Allakhverdiev
Functional Plant Biology 50(1) 71-83 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP22173
Submitted: 11 May 2022 Accepted: 18 September 2022 Published: 10 October 2022
© 2023 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND)
Abstract
When leaves exceed their thermal threshold during heatwaves, irreversible damage to the leaf can accumulate. However, few studies have explored short-term acclimation of leaves to heatwaves that could help plants to prevent heat damage with increasing heatwave intensity. Here, we studied the heat tolerance of PSII (PHT) in response to a heatwave in Acacia species from across a strong environmental gradient in Australia. We compared PHT metrics derived from temperature-dependent chlorophyll fluorescence response curves (T–F0) before and during a 4-day 38°C heatwave in a controlled glasshouse experiment. We found that the 15 Acacia species displayed surprisingly large and consistent PHT acclimation responses with a mean tolerance increase of 12°C (range, 7.7–19.1°C). Despite species originating from diverse climatic regions, neither maximum temperature of the warmest month nor mean annual precipitation at origin were clear predictors of PHT. To our knowledge, these are some of the largest measured acclimation responses of PHT from a controlled heatwave experiment. This remarkable capacity could partially explain why this genus has become more diverse and common as the Australian continent became more arid and suggests that the presence of Acacia in Australian ecosystems will remain ubiquitous with climate change.
Keywords: Acacia, Australian plants, climate change, heat tolerance, leaf physiology, photosystem II, plasticity, Tcrit, thermal safety margin.
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