Effects of systemic progesterone during the early luteal phase on the availabilities of amino acids and glucose in the bovine uterine lumen
Michael P. Mullen A B F , Fuller W. Bazer C , Guoyao Wu C , Mervyn H. Parr A B , Alexander C. O. Evans D E , Mark A. Crowe B E and Michael G. Diskin A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Mellows Campus, Athenry, Co. Galway, Ireland.
B UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
C Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2471, USA.
D UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
E UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
F Corresponding author. Email: michael.mullen@teagasc.ie
Reproduction, Fertility and Development 26(2) 282-292 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD12319
Submitted: 5 October 2012 Accepted: 18 December 2012 Published: 4 February 2013
Abstract
The uterine histotroph provides essential nutrition to the developing conceptus during the preimplantation period of pregnancy. The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of cycle stage and progesterone (P4) concentrations in the blood on the recoverable quantities of amino acids and glucose in the histotroph during the preimplantaion period of conceptus development. Following oestrus, dairy heifers were assigned to low, control or high P4 groups (n = 6 heifers per treatment and time point). The uterine horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum was flushed on either Day 7 or Day 13. The present study quantified 24 amino acids and glucose in the uterine flushings using HPLC and fluorometry, respectively. Heifers in the low P4 group had lower plasma concentrations of P4 throughout the cycle, whereas heifers in the high group had higher plasma concentrations of P4 between Days 3 and 7 compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Total recoverable neutral (Ser, Gln, Gly, Thr, Cit, β-Ala, Tau, Ala, Tyr, Trp, Met, Val, Phe, Ile, Leu, Pro and Cys), acidic (Glu) and basic (His, Arg, Orn and Lys) amino acids were greater (P < 0.05) on Day 13 than on Day 7. There was no significant difference in the amount of Asp or Asn between Day 7 and Day 13. The amount of amino acids recovered on Day 7 was similar across treatment groups. On Day 13, the amount of Asn, His and Thr was lower (P < 0.05) in the low P4 heifers compared with the controls and/or high P4 heifers. Quantities of glucose were not altered by cycle stage or P4 treatment. In conclusion, the stage of oestrous cycle and P4 play important roles in modulating amino acids in the histotroph, a potentially critical factor for early embryonic and/or conceptus survival.
Additional keywords: embryo loss, fertility, histotroph.
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