Paradoxical effects of kisspeptin: it enhances oocyte in vitro maturation but has an adverse impact on hatched blastocysts during in vitro culture
Islam M. Saadeldin A B , Ok Jae Koo A , Jung Taek Kang A , Dae Kee Kwon A , Sol Ji Park A , Su Jin Kim A , Joon Ho Moon A , Hyun Ju Oh A , Goo Jang A and Byeong Chun Lee A C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Korea.
B Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Egypt.
C Corresponding author. Email: bclee@snu.ac.kr
Reproduction, Fertility and Development 24(5) 656-668 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD11118
Submitted: 2 May 2011 Accepted: 30 July 2011 Published: 28 November 2011
Abstract
Kisspeptin (Kp) is best known as a multifunctional peptide with roles in reproduction, the cardiovascular system and cancer. In the present study the expression of kisspeptin hierarchy elements (KISS1, GNRH1 and LHB) and their receptors (KISS1R, GNRHR and LHCGR, respectively) in porcine ovary and in cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) were investigated, as were its effects on the in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes and their subsequent ability to sustain preimplantation embryo competence after parthenogenetic electrical activation. Kp system elements were expressed and affected IVM of oocytes when maturation medium was supplemented with 10–6 M Kp. Oocyte maturation, maternal gene expression (MOS, GDF9 and BMP15), blastocyst formation rate, blastocyst hatching and blastocyst total cell count were all significantly increased when oocytes were matured in medium containing Kp compared with the control group (without Kp). A Kp antagonist (p234) at 4 × 10–6 M interfered with this hierarchy but did not influence the threshold effect of gonadotrophins on oocyte maturation. FSH was critical and permissive to Kp action on COCs by increasing the relative expression of KISS1R. In contrast, Kp significantly increased apoptosis, the expression of pro-apoptotic gene, BAK1, and suppressed trophoblast outgrowths from hatched blastocysts cultured on feeder cells. The present study provides the first functional evidence of the Kp hierarchy in porcine COCs and its role in enhancing oocyte maturation and subsequent developmental competence in an autocrine–paracrine manner. However, Kp supplementation may have a harmful impact on cultured hatched blastocysts reflecting systemic or local regulation during the critical early period of embryonic development.
Additional keywords: embryo development, KISS1R, oocyte maturation, p234.
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