55 Donor age has the least influence on recovery, quality, and in vitro developmental competence of ovum pickup–based Holstein Friesian oocytes under subtropical conditions

Abstract

The use of oocytes obtained from younger donors for in vitro fertilization followed by embryo transfer represents an opportunity to accelerate genetic gain by reducing generation interval. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of age of donor on the follicular population, recovery, quality and in vitro developmental competence of ovum pickup based Holstein Friesian oocytes under subtropical conditions. A total of eight (n = 8) Holstein Friesian (with proper oestrus cyclicity) were selected for the study and divided into 2 groups based on animal age: (1) heifers (n = 4), 1.5 to 2 years of age, and (2) adults (n = 4), 5 to 6 years of age. The study was conducted near Lahore (31°33′ N, 74°19′ E), Punjab, Pakistan, from November 2019 to February 2020. The animals were wave synchronized using the physiological method of wave synchronization. After 4 days of second dominant follicle puncture, the first ovum pickup was carried out and a total of nine (n = 9) OPU sessions were held for each group. The COCs from the follicles were aspirated using a transvaginal ultrasound–guided needle. Following searching and grading, COCs of grade A, B and C were processed for IVM in 100-µL droplets of BO-IVM under mineral oil at 37°C, 5% CO₂, and 95% humidity for 24 h. The frozen semen of a high-pedigree bull was thawed at 37°C and observed for post-thaw sperm motility. The semen samples of the same bull having motility >50% were processed using the sperm swim-up method throughout the study. The IVF was carried out by placing the COCs and required amount of sperm in 100-µL droplets of BO-IVF at similar conditions for a maximum of 18 h. The presumptive zygotes were denuded by gentle pipetting and cultured for a period of 7 days after placing in 100-µL drops of BO-IVC at 37°C, 5% CO₂, 5% O₂, and maximum humidity. The presumptive zygotes were observed for cleavage rate and blastocyst rate on Days 2 and 7 following COCs-sperm co-incubation. Data on the follicular population, oocytes recovered, and viable oocytes were analysed by the PROC GLIMMIX of SAS (SAS Institute Inc.), and proportional data were analysed by the Chi-squared method using SAS 9.1. COCs of grade AB (35.2 vs. 25.4%) were higher (P > 0.05) in the adult group than in the heifer group, respectively. Similarly, COCs with grade CD (57.5 vs. 71.9%) were lower (P < 0.05) in the adult group compared with the heifer group, respectively. However, the total follicles (6.55 ± 0.42 vs. 6.39 ± 0.39), number of COCs recovered (3.33 ± 0.32 vs. 3.17 ± 0.41), viable oocytes (3.08 ± 0.29 vs. 3.08 ± 0.39), cleavage rate (60.3 vs. 68.7%), and blastocyst rate (38.7 vs. 48.8%) did not differ (P > 0.05) between the groups. To conclude, donor age up to third lactation, under subtropical conditions, does not affect in vitro embryo production in Holstein Friesian undergoing repeated OPU.