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Vertebrate reproductive science and technology
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Cytokine supplemented maturation medium improved development to term following somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) in cattle

Jacob Keim https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0839-4580 A , Ying Liu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5680-5110 A * , Misha Regouski A , Rusty Stott A , Galina N. Singina B , Kenneth L. White A and Irina A. Polejaeva https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0858-5889 A *
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA.

B L. K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Podolsk, Russia.


Handling Editor: Ye Yuan

Reproduction, Fertility and Development 35(11) 575-588 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD23011
Published online: 13 June 2023

© 2023 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing

Abstract

Context: In vitro maturation is an important process in the production of embryos. It has been shown that three cytokines, fibroblast growth factor 2, leukemia inhibitory factor and insulin-like growth factor 1 (FLI), increased efficiency of in vitro maturation, somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) blastocyst production, and in vivo development of genetically engineered piglets.

Aims: Assess effects of FLI on oocyte maturation, quality of oocytes, and embryo development in bovine in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and SCNT.

Key results: Cytokine supplementation resulted in significant increases in maturation rates and decreased levels of reactive oxygen species. Oocytes matured in FLI had increased blastocyst rates when used in IVF (35.6% vs 27.3%, P < 0.05) and SCNT (40.6% vs 25.7%, P < 0.05). SCNT blastocysts contained significantly more inner cell mass and trophectodermal cells when compared to the control group. Importantly, SCNT embryos derived from oocytes matured in FLI medium resulted in a four-fold increase in full-term development compared to control medium (23.3% vs 5.3%, P < 0.05). Relative mRNA expression analysis of 37 genes associated with embryonic and fetal development revealed one gene had differential transcript abundance in metaphase II oocytes, nine genes at the 8-cell stage, 10 genes at the blastocyst stage in IVF embryos and four genes at the blastocyst stage in SCNT embryos.

Conclusions: Cytokine supplementation increased efficiency of in vitro production of IVF and SCNT embryos and in vivo development of SCNT embryos to term.

Implications: Cytokine supplementation is beneficial to embryo culture systems, which may shed light on requirements of early embryo development.

Keywords: cytokines, embryo development, gene expression, in vitro fertilisation, oocyte maturation, oocyte quality, somatic cell nuclear transfer.


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