Capsaicin prevents radiotherapy-induced premature ovarian failure in rats
Yesim Akdemir
A * , Meryem Akpolat B , Ozlem Elmas C , Mete Kececi B , Cagatay Buyukuysal D , Busra Cetinkaya B and Nurten Guleryuz B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
B Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
C Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
D Department of of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
Reproduction, Fertility and Development 34(3) 350-361 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD21235
Published online: 1 February 2022
© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing
Abstract
Ionising radiation exposure of 5–10 gray (Gy) to the pelvic area induces premature ovarian failure (POF). Twenty-four young adult Wistar albino female rats were were treated with subcutaneous capsaicin 0.5 mg/kg per day or placebo for 10 days then exposed to whole body irradiation. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: (1) control; (2) capsaicin; (3) radiation only (IR): rats were injected with placebo before exposure to a single dose of 8.3-Gy whole body irradiation; (4) radiation–capsaicin (IR + CAP): rats were injected with capsaicin prior to whole body irradiation. Radiation triggered oxidative stress, increased ovarian inflammation, increased follicular apoptosis and diminished ovarian follicle pool. Capsaicin significantly ameliorated oxidative stress by decreasing serum total oxidant status, oxidative stress index, disulphide, and malondialdehyde levels (P ≤ 0.001); ovarian inflammatory status by decreasing expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, PARP-1 (P = 0.002); apoptosis by decreasing expressions of active caspase-3 and p53 (P = 0.015, P = 0.002); and follicle counts by increasing primordial follicles and decreasing apoptotic follicles (P ≤ 0.001) in rats when administered before radiation exposure. The beneficial effects of capsaicin are demonstrated for the first time on ionising radiation exposed rat ovaries. Capsaicin pre-treatment before radiotherapy restores the primordial follicle pool, inhibits atresia of ovarian follicles and may be an acceptable therapeutic modality to prevent radiation-induced POF.
Keywords: capsaicin, fertility preservation, follicular apoptosis, follicular atresia, ionising radiation, premature ovarian failure, radiotherapy, rat.
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