l-Carnitine improves endocrine function and folliculogenesis by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in mice following induction of polycystic ovary syndrome
Zahra Kalhori A , Malek Soleimani Mehranjani
A C , Mehri Azadbakht B and Mohammad Ali Shariatzadeh A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, PO Box 381-5688138, Arak, Iran.
B Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, PO Box 6714967346, Kermanshah, Iran.
C Corresponding author. Email: m-Soleimani@araku.ac.ir
Reproduction, Fertility and Development 31(2) 282-293 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD18131
Submitted: 29 July 2017 Accepted: 29 June 2018 Published: 17 August 2018
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is related to low levels of serum l-carnitine, which has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of l-carnitine on folliculogenesis in mice following induction of PCOS. PCOS was induced by daily injections of testosterone enanthate (1 mg per 100 g, s.c., for 35 days). NMRI mice (21 days old) were divided into four groups (n = 6 per group): Control, Control + l-carnitine, PCOS and PCOS + l-carnitine. Mice were treated with 500 mg kg−1, i.p., l-carnitine every second day for 28 days. Ovaries were studied stereologically and serum concentrations of FSH, LH, testosterone, interleukin (IL)-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α were determined using ELISA kits. Serum concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were also analysed. Apoptosis of follicles was evaluated by terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP–digoxigenin nick end-labelling (TUNEL). CD31 was assessed immunohistochemically. Data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test, differences considered significant at P < 0.05.The total volume of the ovary, cortex volume, oocyte volume, zona pellucida thickness and the number of antral follicles increased significantly, whereas the number of primary and preantral follicles decreased significantly, in the PCOS + l-carnitine versus PCOS group. In the PCOS + l-carnitine group, serum concentrations of FSH and FRAP increased significantly, whereas there were significant decreases in serum concentrations of testosterone, LH, MDA, IL-6 and TNF-α, as well as in the percentage of TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells, compared with the PCOS group. l-Carnitine improves folliculogenesis and is therefore suggested as a therapeutic supplement in the treatment of PCOS.
Additional keywords: androgen, oocyte, ovulation.
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