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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC) promotes transcriptional activation of the decidual prolactin gene via CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein in human endometrial stromal cells

Kazuya Kusama A , Kazuhiro Tamura B F , Hanako Bai C , Toshihiro Sakurai D , Hirotaka Nishi E , Keiichi Isaka E , Kazuhiko Imakawa A and Mikihiro Yoshie B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Animal Resource Science Centre, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.

B Department of Endocrine and Neural Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.

C Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, 060-8589, Japan.

D Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.

E Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.

F Corresponding author. Email: hiro@toyaku.ac.jp

Reproduction, Fertility and Development 30(11) 1454-1461 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD17483
Submitted: 26 November 2017  Accepted: 10 April 2018   Published: 8 May 2018

Abstract

Protein kinase A (PKA) signalling accompanies elevated intracellular cAMP levels during endometrial stromal cell (ESC) decidualisation. Exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC), an alternate mediator of cAMP signalling, promotes PKA analogue-induced decidualisation; however, the precise mechanism by which EPAC and PKA co-operatively stimulate decidualisation has not been characterised. To examine the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) in EPAC- and PKA-mediated decidualisation of primary human ESCs, a reporter plasmid containing the 332 bp region upstream from the transcription initiation site of the decidual prolactin (dPRL) gene was generated and the promoter activity was evaluated using a luciferase assay. The dPRL promoter activity was increased by treatment of transfected ESCs with the PKA-selective cAMP analogue N6-phenyl-cAMP (Phe) and enhanced further by co-treatment with the EPAC-selective cAMP analogue 8-(4-chlorophenyltio)-2′-O-methyl cAMP (CPT). Treatment with forskolin, an adenylyl cyclase activator, had a similar effect on reporter activity. Site-directed mutagenesis of the C/EBPβ- and/or C/EBPδ-binding site in the dPRL promoter abolished Phe/CPT-mediated elevation of the reporter activity. EPAC2 knockdown markedly reduced Phe-stimulated C/EBPβ and C/EBPδ mRNA levels, as well as forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) protein levels. These results suggest that EPAC signalling enhances PKA-mediated dPRL expression in ESCs by acting on C/EBP response elements in the promoter region of the gene.

Additional keywords: endometrium, decidialisation, protein kinase A, pregnancy.


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