Maternal food restriction in rats of the F0 generation increases retroperitoneal fat, the number and size of adipocytes and induces periventricular astrogliosis in female F1 and male F2 generations
A. O. Joaquim A , C. P. Coelho A B , P. Dias Motta A , L. F. Felício C , E. F. Bondan A , E. Teodorov D , M. F. M. Martins A , T. B. Kirsten A , L. V. Bonamin A and M. M. Bernardi A D E
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Environmental and Experimental Pathology, Paulista University, UNIP, Rua Dr Bacelar, 1212, São Paulo, SP, 04026-002, Brazil.
B Graduate Program of Animal Medicine and Welfare, University of Santo Amaro, Rua Enéas de Siqueira Neto, 340, São Paulo, SP, 04829-900, Brazil.
C Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-270, Brazil.
D Mathematics, Computing and Cognition Center, Federal University of ABC, Av. dos Estados, 5001, Santo André, SP, 09210-971, Brazil.
E Corresponding author. Email: marthabernardi@gmail.com
Reproduction, Fertility and Development 29(7) 1340-1348 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD15309
Submitted: 30 July 2015 Accepted: 25 April 2016 Published: 31 May 2016
Abstract
The present study investigated whether male offspring (F2 generation) from female rats (F1 generation) whose mothers (F0 generation) were food restricted during gestation inherit a phenotypic transgenerational tendency towards being overweight and obese in the juvenile period, in the absence of food restriction in the F1/F2 generations. Dams of the F0 generation were 40% food restricted during pregnancy. Bodyweight, the number and size of larger and small hypodermal adipocytes (HAs), total retroperitoneal fat (RPF) weight and the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in periventricular hypothalamic astrocytes (PHAs), as determined by immunohistochemistry, were evaluated in both generations. In the female F1 generation, there was low bodyweight gain only during the juvenile period (30–65 days of age), a decrease in the size of small adipocytes, an increase in the number of small adipocytes, an increase in RPF weight and an increase in GFAP expression in PHAs at 90–95 days of age. In males of the F2 generation at 50 days of age, there was increased bodyweight and RPF weight, and a small number of adipocytes and GFAP expression in PHAs. These data indicate that the phenotypic transgenerational tendency towards being overweight and obese was observed in females (F1) from mothers (F0) that were prenatally food restricted was transmitted to their male offspring.
Additional keywords: adipose tissue, development, growth, hypothalamus, reprogramming.
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