Immunological mechanisms to establish embryo tolerance in early bovine pregnancy
A. E. Groebner A , K. Schulke A , J. C. Schefold B , G. Fusch F , F. Sinowatz C , H. D. Reichenbach D , E. Wolf E , H. H. D. Meyer A and S. E. Ulbrich A G
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Physiology Weihenstephan, ZIEL Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Weihenstephaner Berg 3, 85354 Freising, Germany.
B Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
C Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universitaet Muenchen, Veterinaerstr. 13, 80539 Muenchen, Germany.
D Institute of Animal Breeding, Bavarian State Institute for Agriculture, Prof.-Duerrwaechter-Platz 1, 85586 Grub, Germany.
E Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians Universitaet Muenchen, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, 81377 Muenchen, Germany.
F Department of Pediatrics, Ernst-Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Sauerbruchstrasse, 17489 Greifswald, Germany.
G Corresponding author. Email: ulbrich@wzw.tum.de
Reproduction, Fertility and Development 23(5) 619-632 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD10230
Submitted: 13 September 2010 Accepted: 21 December 2010 Published: 5 May 2011
Abstract
A well-balanced immunological interaction between mother and the semi-allogenic embryo is of particular importance. The objective of the present study was to analyse mechanisms of immune tolerance in bovine pregnancy during peri-implantation. Simmental heifers inseminated with either cryopreserved spermatozoa or seminal plasma were killed 12, 15 or 18 days after oestrus. Uteri were flushed for the recovery of conceptuses and the ipsilateral intercaruncular endometrium was sampled for gene expression analysis. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) mRNA, coding for the initial enzyme of the kynurenine pathway, was 18-fold (P < 0.001) more abundant in the endometrium of Day 18 pregnant v. non-pregnant animals. Tandem mass spectrometry revealed a decrease of endometrial l-tryptophan (P = 0.0008), but an increase of l-kynurenine concentration (P = 0.005) from Day 12 to Day 18, suggesting increasing IDO activity (P < 0.03). An in vitro coculture model of endometrial cells showed an induction of IDO expression following interferon-τ exposure primarily in stroma cells, which was confirmed by in situ hybridisation localising IDO mRNA mainly in deep stroma cells. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed fewer CD45-positive leucocytes in the zona basalis of pregnant animals. Elevated IDO activity may reduce the presence of leucocytes in the pregnant endometrium, providing a possible mechanism for protecting the semi-allogenic conceptus from maternal rejection.
Additional keywords: Bos taurus, endometrium, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, peri-implantation.
References
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