The canine oocyte: uncommon features of in vivo and in vitro maturation
Sylvie Chastant-Maillard A B C I H , Christine Viaris de Lesegno A B F , Martine Chebrout A B , Sandra Thoumire A B , Thierry Meylheuc D , Alain Fontbonne A B C , Marc Chodkiewicz A B G , Marie Saint-Dizier A B E and Karine Reynaud A B
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A INRA, UMR 1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, F-78350 Jouy en Josas, France.
B ENVA, UMR 1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, 7 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, F-94700 Maisons-Alfort, France.
C ENVA, Unité de Reproduction, 7 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, F-94700 Maisons-Alfort, France.
D UMR 763 Bioadhésion et Hygiène des Matériaux, INRA-AgroParisTech, 25 Avenue République, 91300 Massy, France.
E Genetic Breeding and Reproduction, AgroParisTech, 16 Rue Claude Bernard,75005 Paris, France.
F Present address: Institut Curie, ‘Trafic, Signalisation, et Ciblage Intracellulaires’, UMR144 Curie/CNRS, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75248 Paris, France.
G Present address: 28 Rue du Petit Musc, 75004 Paris, France.
H Present address: ENVT, Pathologie de la Reproduction, 23 Chemin des Capelles, BP 87614, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 3, France.
I Corresponding author. Email: s.chastant@envt.fr
Reproduction, Fertility and Development 23(3) 391-402 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD10064
Submitted: 26 March 2010 Accepted: 7 July 2010 Published: 3 February 2011
Abstract
The biology of the canine oocyte is unusual compared with that of other mammalian females. The present paper reviews both in vivo and in vitro specificities of canine oocytes. Final follicular growth in the bitch is characterised by an early appearance of LH binding sites in the granulosa, a high proportion of polyovular follicles and a preovulatory luteinisation, starting at the time of the LH surge. Through follicular fluid, preovulatory oocytes are thus exposed to high levels of progesterone, as high as 1000-fold plasma concentrations. The composition of the follicular fluid is affected by the size of the female. The more specific aspect of oocyte biology in the bitch is ovulation: oocytes are expelled immature, at the Prophase I stage. Ovulatory follicles are 6–8 mm in diameter, releasing oocytes from 110 µm, with dark cytoplasm. Resumption of meiosis occurs from 48 h postovulation, MII stages appearing 48–54 h after ovulation. The mechanisms controlling such a late meiotic resumption are still unknown. Granulosa cells seem to play a central role as in other mammalian species, but not with cAMP as the principal mediator. The importance of a transient reactivation of oocyte transcription a few hours before meiotic resumption is to be explored. These specific features may contribute to the low efficiency of IVM. Only 10–20% oocytes reach the metaphase stage and suffer from a poor cytoplasmic maturation. Moreover, in vitro culture of canine oocytes is associated with a high proportion of degeneration. To date, IVM of the oocytes is the main limiting factor for the development of assisted reproductive techniques in the canine. A better knowledge of the basic physiology of folliculogenesis and the molecular mechanisms controlling oocyte meiosis resumption in this species may allow us to overcome this obstacle.
Additional keywords: cumulus–oocyte complex, follicle, meiosis resumption, progesterone, ultrastructure.
References
Alhaider, A. K., and Watson, P. F. (2009). The effects of hCG and growth factors on in vitro nuclear maturation of dog oocytes obtained during anoestrus. Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 21, 538–548.| The effects of hCG and growth factors on in vitro nuclear maturation of dog oocytes obtained during anoestrus.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXksF2rurg%3D&md5=4a3cff7ba13f3dd14d5090aeec89d1eaCAS | 19383260PubMed |
Andersen A. C., and Simpson M. E. (1973). ‘The Ovary and Reproductive Cycle of the Dog (Beagle).’ (GeronX: Los Altos, CA.)
Barber, M. R., Lee, S. M., Steffens, W. L., Ard, M., and Fayrer-Hosken, R. A. (2001). Immunolocalization of zona pellucida antigens in the ovarian follicle of dogs, cats, horses and elephants. Theriogenology 55, 1705–1717.
| Immunolocalization of zona pellucida antigens in the ovarian follicle of dogs, cats, horses and elephants.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MzhvVWnsA%3D%3D&md5=1ae77406d12b8c1ca4ec936899c05197CAS | 11393221PubMed |
Bogliolo, L., Zedda, M. T., Ledda, S., Leoni, G., Naitana, S., and Pau, S. (2002). Influence of co-culture with oviductal epithelial cells on in vitro maturation of canine oocytes. Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 42, 265–273.
| Influence of co-culture with oviductal epithelial cells on in vitro maturation of canine oocytes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XovVWnsLo%3D&md5=4d30186fc669bad43b38f01a6ce1ce10CAS | 12405454PubMed |
Bolamba, D., Russ, K. D., Harper, S. A., Sandler, J. L., and Durrant, B. S. (2006). Effects of epidermal growth factor and hormones on granulosa expansion and nuclear maturation of dog oocytes in vitro. Theriogenology 65, 1037–1047.
| Effects of epidermal growth factor and hormones on granulosa expansion and nuclear maturation of dog oocytes in vitro.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XitVGqu7o%3D&md5=d5c7b8aa70088226ac0177549c9b0495CAS | 16169071PubMed |
Boyd, J. S., Renton, J. P., Harvey, M. J., Nickson, D. A., Eckersall, P. D., and Ferguson, J. M. (1993). Problems associated with ultrasonography of the canine ovary around the time of ovulation. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 47, 101–105..
| 1:STN:280:DyaK2c%2Fks1OntQ%3D%3D&md5=4370fef35f4d371bfffa421b86783a77CAS | 8229915PubMed |
Bysted, B. V., Dieleman, S. J., Hyttel, P., and Greve, T. (2001). Embryonic development stages in relation to the LH peak in dogs. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 57, 181–186..
| 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXktF2qsbc%3D&md5=134a983741295a3d9ab3bd1fe6389374CAS | 11787147PubMed |
Chastant-Maillard, S., Chebrout, M., Thoumire, S., Saint-Dizier, M., Chodkiewicz, M., and Reynaud, K. (2010). Embryo biotechnology in the dog: a review. Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 22, 1049–1056.
| Embryo biotechnology in the dog: a review.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 20797342PubMed |
Chebrout, M., De Lesegno, C. V., Reynaud, K., Chat, S., and Chastant-Maillard, S. (2009). Nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of canine oocytes related to in vitro denudation. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 44, 243–246.
| Nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of canine oocytes related to in vitro denudation.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 19754578PubMed |
Concannon, P. W. (2009). Endocrinologic control of normal canine ovarian function. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 44, 3–15.
| Endocrinologic control of normal canine ovarian function.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 19754529PubMed |
Concannon, P., McCann, J., and Temple, M. (1989). Biology and endocrinology of ovulation, pregnancy and parturition in the dog. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 39, 3–25..
| 1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXntVSmsg%3D%3D&md5=a0e069ffdda305ec6f6864093a2fb4c4CAS | 2695640PubMed |
Concannon, P., Castracane, V. D., Temple, M., and Montanez, A. (2009). Endocrine control of ovarian function in dogs and other carnivores. Anim. Reprod. 6, 172–193..
Cui, X. S., Jin, Y. X., Shen, X. H., Lee, J. Y., Lee, H. S., Yin, X. J., Kong, I. K., and Kim, N. H. (2006). Epidermal growth factor enhances meiotic resumption of canine oocytes in the presence of BSA. Theriogenology 66, 267–274.
| Epidermal growth factor enhances meiotic resumption of canine oocytes in the presence of BSA.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xmt1Gksbo%3D&md5=1820c101879cf1e4f1c99345cef45c9aCAS | 16488002PubMed |
De Gier, J., Kooistra, H. S., Djajadiningrat-Laanen, S. C., Dieleman, S. J., and Okkens, A. C. (2006). Temporal relations between plasma concentrations of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, estradiol-17beta, progesterone, prolactin, and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone during the follicular, ovulatory, and early luteal phase in the bitch. Theriogenology 65, 1346–1359.
| Temporal relations between plasma concentrations of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, estradiol-17beta, progesterone, prolactin, and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone during the follicular, ovulatory, and early luteal phase in the bitch.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xis1SrsLc%3D&md5=7e140f922833c0f2bbdb0e2889679461CAS | 16197989PubMed |
De Lesegno, C. V., Reynaud, K., Pechoux, C., Thoumire, S., and Chastant-Maillard, S. (2008). Ultrastructure of canine oocytes during in vivo maturation. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75, 115–125.
| Ultrastructure of canine oocytes during in vivo maturation.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 17476693PubMed |
De Los Reyes, M., de Lange, J., Miranda, P., Palominos, J., and Barros, C. (2005). Effect of human chorionic gonadotrophin supplementation during different culture periods on in vitro maturation of canine oocytes. Theriogenology 64, 1–11.
| Effect of human chorionic gonadotrophin supplementation during different culture periods on in vitro maturation of canine oocytes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXltVGktrs%3D&md5=06f85fa1ed08a23bdc4ff34cd01d7d06CAS | 15935838PubMed |
De Los Reyes, M., Palomino, J., de Lange, J., Anguita, C., and Barros, C. (2009). In vitro penetration through the zona pellucida of immature and in vitro matured oocytes using fresh, chilled and frozen canine semen. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 110, 37–45.
| In vitro penetration through the zona pellucida of immature and in vitro matured oocytes using fresh, chilled and frozen canine semen.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 18258391PubMed |
Demeestere, I., Simon, P., Emiliani, S., Delbaere, A., and Englert, Y. (2009). Orthotopic and heterotopic ovarian tissue transplantation. Hum. Reprod. Update 15, 649–665.
| Orthotopic and heterotopic ovarian tissue transplantation.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BD1Mnnsleisg%3D%3D&md5=467d4fa22de50e10246e763d59a67c7aCAS | 19474206PubMed |
Edry, I., Sela-Abramovich, S., and Dekel, N. (2006). Meiotic arrest of oocytes depends on cell-to-cell communication in the ovarian follicle. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 252, 102–106.
| Meiotic arrest of oocytes depends on cell-to-cell communication in the ovarian follicle.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xmtlajs7c%3D&md5=d88c1ef727ef798267cd1675a0a884e9CAS | 16647194PubMed |
England, G. C., and Yeager, A. (1993). Ultrasonographic appearance of the ovary and uterus of the bitch during oestrus, ovulation and early pregnancy. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 47, 107–117..
| 1:STN:280:DyaK2c%2Fks1Onug%3D%3D&md5=9f61bd5caa89f7d3096554d4b53d8277CAS | 8229916PubMed |
England, G. C. W., Verstegen, J. P., and Hewitt, D. A. (2001). Pregnancy following in vitro fertilisation of canine oocytes. Vet. Rec. 148, 20–22..
| 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M7kslCjsw%3D%3D&md5=cc507d7e009735ccb6bf23bbd42d2636CAS | 11200401PubMed |
England, G. C. W., Russo, M., and Freeman, S. L. (2009). Follicular dynamics, ovulation and conception rates in bitches. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 44, 53–58.
| Follicular dynamics, ovulation and conception rates in bitches.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 19754536PubMed |
Ferreira, E. M., Vireque, A. A., Adona, P. R., Meirelles, F. V., Ferriani, R. A., and Navarro, P. A. (2009). Cytoplasmic maturation of bovine oocytes: structural and biochemical modifications and acquisition of developmental competence. Theriogenology 71, 836–848.
| Cytoplasmic maturation of bovine oocytes: structural and biochemical modifications and acquisition of developmental competence.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXitVSgs7k%3D&md5=179b674d5a6944e2a68733179da2cf47CAS | 19121865PubMed |
Fontbonne A. (2008). In vivo ovulation, oocyte maturation and fertilisation in the bitch. Ph.D. Thesis, AgroParisTech, France.
Gandolfi, F., Brevini, T. A. L., Modina, S., Bianchi, R., and Passoni, L. (1993). Role of the oviduct during early embryogenesis. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 28, 189–192.
| Role of the oviduct during early embryogenesis.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Hanna, C., Menges, S., Kraemer, D., and Long, C. R. (2008). Synchronisation of canine germinal vesicle stage oocytes prior to in vitro maturation alters the kinetics of nuclear progression during subsequent resumption of meiosis. Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 20, 606–614.
| Synchronisation of canine germinal vesicle stage oocytes prior to in vitro maturation alters the kinetics of nuclear progression during subsequent resumption of meiosis.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXmsFagu7c%3D&md5=d0c1031e475913b9a0fa19320bed4455CAS | 18577358PubMed |
Hatoya, S., Sugiyama, Y., Torii, R., Wijewardana, V., Kumagai, D., Sugiura, K., Kida, K., Kawate, N., Tamada, H., Sawada, T., and Inaba, T. (2006). Effect of co-culturing with embryonic fibroblasts on IVM, IVF and IVC of canine oocytes. Theriogenology 66, 1083–1090.
| Effect of co-culturing with embryonic fibroblasts on IVM, IVF and IVC of canine oocytes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BD28vps1yjtQ%3D%3D&md5=632400ee43713acd6e14fdaffcaf3119CAS | 16620932PubMed |
Hatoya, S., Sugiyama, Y., Nishida, H., Okuno, T., Torii, R., Sugiura, K., Kida, K., Kawate, N., Tamada, H., and Inaba, T. (2009). Canine oocyte maturation in culture: significance of estrogen and EGF receptor gene expression in cumulus cells. Theriogenology 71, 560–567.
| Canine oocyte maturation in culture: significance of estrogen and EGF receptor gene expression in cumulus cells.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtFSmt7o%3D&md5=0b604aaabb89277dc67cfb92e8055353CAS | 19101024PubMed |
Hewitt, D. A., and England, G. C. (1997). Effect of preovulatory endocrine events upon maturation of oocytes of domestic bitches. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 51, 83–91..
| 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXmvFClt70%3D&md5=9886a410f70b5ac0f7254f7b240798f1CAS | 9404274PubMed |
Hewitt, D. A., and England, G. C. (1999). Synthetic oviductal fluid and oviductal cell coculture for canine oocyte maturation in vitro. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 55, 63–75.
| Synthetic oviductal fluid and oviductal cell coculture for canine oocyte maturation in vitro.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DyaK1M7pvFCmsA%3D%3D&md5=19fa049af10fed3e8f7443620d6aaf85CAS | 10099679PubMed |
Hewitt, D. A., Watson, P. F., and England, G. C. W. (1998). Nuclear staining and culture requirements for in vitro maturation of domestic bitch oocytes. Theriogenology 49, 1083–1101.
| Nuclear staining and culture requirements for in vitro maturation of domestic bitch oocytes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c7ps1GqtQ%3D%3D&md5=152d9c08520d460afb04890c3e94badbCAS | 10732048PubMed |
Hossein, M. S., Kim, M. K., Jang, G., Oh, H. J., Koo, O., Kim, J. J., Kang, S. K., Lee, B. C., and Hwang, W. S. (2007). Effects of thiol compounds on in vitro maturation of canine oocytes collected from different reproductive stages. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 74, 1213–1220.
| Effects of thiol compounds on in vitro maturation of canine oocytes collected from different reproductive stages.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXpt1altL0%3D&md5=d56a52d7efc15826ffbf0901ee8c2033CAS | 17595010PubMed |
Hyttel, P., Farstad, W., Mondain-Monval, M., Bakke, L. K., and Smith, A. J. (1990). Structural aspects of oocyte maturation in the blue fox (Alopex lagopus). Anat. Embryol. 181, 325–331.
| Structural aspects of oocyte maturation in the blue fox (Alopex lagopus).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DyaK3c3ms12htw%3D%3D&md5=6375f8a55aaa20fa49714995444421c1CAS | 2346225PubMed |
Ishijima, T., Kobayashi, Y., Lee, D. S., Ueta, Y. Y., Matsui, M., Lee, J. Y., Suwa, Y., Miyahara, K., and Suzuki, H. (2006). Cryopreservation of canine ovaries by vitrification. J. Reprod. Dev. 52, 293–299.
| Cryopreservation of canine ovaries by vitrification.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XmtlKisbg%3D&md5=23305658b34466bc85e4a4638b380d84CAS | 16394621PubMed |
Jang, G., Oh, H. J., Kim, M. K., Fibrianto, Y. H., Hossein, M. S., Kim, H. J., Kim, J. J., Hong, S. G., Park, J. E., Kang, S. K., and Lee, B. C. (2008). Improvement of canine somatic cell nuclear transfer procedure. Theriogenology 69, 146–154.
| Improvement of canine somatic cell nuclear transfer procedure.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhsVyktA%3D%3D&md5=40604093ca8960ea11c53db8ed1b911cCAS | 17949804PubMed |
Kim, B. S., Lee, S. R., Hyun, B. H., Shin, M. J., Yoo, D. H., Lee, S., Park, Y. S., Ha, J. H., and Ryoo, Z. Y. (2010). Effects of gonadotropins on in vitro maturation and of electrical stimulation on parthenogenesis of canine oocytes. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 45, 13–18.
| Effects of gonadotropins on in vitro maturation and of electrical stimulation on parthenogenesis of canine oocytes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXislagurw%3D&md5=64aad6b40037406b971ce9da1c4bb8aeCAS | 19144021PubMed |
Kim, M. K., Fibrianto, Y. H., Oh, H. J., Jang, G., Kim, H. J., Lee, K. S., Kang, S. K., Lee, B. C., and Hwang, W. S. (2004). Effet of betamercaptoethanol or epidermal growth factor supplementation on in vitro maturation of canine oocyte collected from dogs with different stage of the estrus cycle. J. Vet. Sci. 5, 253–258..
| 15365241PubMed |
Kim, M. K., Fibrianto, Y. H., Oh, H. J., Jang, G., Kim, H. J., Lee, K. S., Kang, S. K., Lee, B. C., and Hwang, W. S. (2005). Effects of estradiol-17β and progesterone supplementation on in vitro nuclear maturation of canine oocytes. Theriogenology 63, 1342–1353.
| Effects of estradiol-17β and progesterone supplementation on in vitro nuclear maturation of canine oocytes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhslWntbY%3D&md5=fb2c20fa77b4e9d5056b9a408a7bc3eaCAS | 15725442PubMed |
Kühholzer, B., Müller, S., Treuer, A., Seregi, J., Besenfelder, U., and Brem, G. (1997). Repeated endoscopic ovum pick-up in hormonally untreated ewes: a new technique. Theriogenology 48, 545–550.
| Repeated endoscopic ovum pick-up in hormonally untreated ewes: a new technique.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 16728150PubMed |
Kutzler, M. A. (2007). Estrus induction and synchronization in canids and felids. Theriogenology 68, 354–374.
| Estrus induction and synchronization in canids and felids.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXnsFKls74%3D&md5=960587eb94d2657d7462161a83b97314CAS | 17582484PubMed |
Lee, B. C., Kim, M. K., Jang, G., Oh, H. J., Yuda, F., Kim, H. J., Shamin, M. H., Kim, J. J., Kang, S. K., Schatten, G., and Hwang, W. S. (2005). Dogs cloned from adult somatic cells. Nature 436, 641.
| Dogs cloned from adult somatic cells.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXmvFentLY%3D&md5=beef6963f291a29dd3a6507a51bf57f9CAS | 16079832PubMed |
Lee, H. S., Seo, Y. I., Yin, X. J., Cho, S. G., Lee, S. S., Kim, N. H., Cho, S. K., and Kong, I. K. (2007a). Effect of follicle stimulation hormone and luteinizing hormone on cumulus cell expansion and in vitro nuclear maturation of canine oocytes. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 42, 561–565.
| Effect of follicle stimulation hormone and luteinizing hormone on cumulus cell expansion and in vitro nuclear maturation of canine oocytes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhsVGqu7vP&md5=1ab29ca31ce6fa2a31ce3eee880378faCAS | 17976060PubMed |
Lee, S. R., Kim, M. O., Sung, H. K., Kim, B. S., Yoo, D. H., Park, Y. S., Park, Y. B., Ha, J. H., and Ryoo, Z. Y. (2007b). Effect of conditioned medium of mouse embryonic fibroblasts produced from EC-SOD transgenic mice in nuclear maturation of canine oocytes in vitro. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 99, 106–116.
| Effect of conditioned medium of mouse embryonic fibroblasts produced from EC-SOD transgenic mice in nuclear maturation of canine oocytes in vitro.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXit1Gmsrk%3D&md5=a6a6ff62d0526744493a0f810f399663CAS | 16837148PubMed |
Lee, S. R., Kim, B. S., Kim, J. W., Kim, M. O., Kim, S. H., Yoo, D. H., Shin, M. J., Park, Y. S., Lee, S., Park, Y. B., Ha, J. H., and Ryoo, Z. Y. (2007c). In vitro maturation, in vitro fertilization and embryonic development of canine oocytes. Zygote 15, 347–353.
| In vitro maturation, in vitro fertilization and embryonic development of canine oocytes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXht1aqu7jJ&md5=31e2aa0c42981f0c477d6d91aa2da66cCAS | 17967214PubMed |
Lee, S. R., Kim, J. W., Kim, B. S., Yoo, D. H., Park, Y. S., Lee, T. H., Ha, J. H., Hyun, B. H., and Ryoo, Z. Y. (2009). Parthenogenetic induction of canine oocytes by electrical stimulation and Ca-EDTA. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 44, 740–744.
| Parthenogenetic induction of canine oocytes by electrical stimulation and Ca-EDTA.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtlSjt7bM&md5=7b529ea3b5eb922d13c23eddd6a54ff7CAS | 18992128PubMed |
Leese, H. J., Tay, J. I., Reischl, J., and Downing, S. J. (2001). Formation of Fallopian tubal fluid: role of a neglected epithelium. Reproduction 121, 339–346.
| Formation of Fallopian tubal fluid: role of a neglected epithelium.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXisFSquro%3D&md5=90a04ecb56f0c9c59a183c06a9d7f6d8CAS | 11226059PubMed |
Leese, H. J., Hugentobler, S. A., Gray, S. M., Morris, D. G., Sturmey, R. G., Whitear, S. L., and Sreenan, J. M. (2008). Female reproductive tract fluids: composition, mechanism of formation and potential role in the developmental origins of health and disease. Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 20, 1–8.
| Female reproductive tract fluids: composition, mechanism of formation and potential role in the developmental origins of health and disease.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXisFCis7g%3D&md5=c21cded3bdd9da3b49edff40b86d0b2fCAS |
Lopes, G., Vandaele, L., Rijsselaere, T., Van Soom, A., and Rocha, A. (2010). DNA fragmentation in canine immature Grade I cumulus–oocyte complexes. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 45, e275–e281.
| DNA fragmentation in canine immature Grade I cumulus–oocyte complexes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhs1WrsLnK&md5=d076e4228b7b5a853890bef9627ba20fCAS | 20059744PubMed |
Lunn, M. O., and Wright, S. J. (2009). Imaging the zona pellucida of canine and feline oocytes using scanning electron microscopy. Microsc. Microanal. 15, 2–14.
| Imaging the zona pellucida of canine and feline oocytes using scanning electron microscopy.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXmtFOltA%3D%3D&md5=1663a2a6c54c137ffe4b54402b7539afCAS | 19144252PubMed |
Luvoni, G. C., Chigioni, S., Allievi, E., and Macis, D. (2003). Meiosis resumption of canine oocytes cultured in the isolated oviduct. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 38, 410–414.
| Meiosis resumption of canine oocytes cultured in the isolated oviduct.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3svosVSlug%3D%3D&md5=8a2f88e52b6768595b506661ae358588CAS | 12950695PubMed |
Luvoni, G. C., Chigioni, S., Allievi, E., and Macis, D. (2005). Factors involved in in vivo and in vitro maturation of canine oocyte. Theriogenology 63, 41–59.
| Factors involved in in vivo and in vitro maturation of canine oocyte.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhtVKrt7nO&md5=cfa7c2a3a9ad069281198d3c9d497e00CAS | 15589272PubMed |
Marseloo N., Fontbonne A., Bassu G., Riviere S., Leblanc B., Rault D., Biourge V., and Chastant-Maillard S. (2004). Comparison of ovarian ultrasonography with hormonal parameters for the determination of the time of ovulation in bitches. In ‘Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Canine and Feline Reproduction, Sao Paulo’. pp. 75–77.
Mazerbourg, S., Bondy, C. A., Zhou, J., and Monget, P. (2003). The insulin-like growth factor system: a key determinant role in the growth and selection of ovarian follicles? A comparative species study. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 38, 247–258.
| The insulin-like growth factor system: a key determinant role in the growth and selection of ovarian follicles? A comparative species study.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXotF2kt7w%3D&md5=11a0f517d6be0b14d17c5ab7b008fe1bCAS | 12887564PubMed |
McDougall, K., Hay, M. A., Goodrowe, K. L., Gartley, C. J., and King, W. A. (1997). Changes in the number of follicles and of oocytes in ovaries of prepubertal, peripubertal and mature bitches. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 51, 25–31..
| 1:STN:280:DyaK1c%2FmvVSkuw%3D%3D&md5=935fb80856fed3ba9caeaa606f5ab122CAS | 9404268PubMed |
Metcalfe, S. S., Shaw, J. M., and Gunn, I. M. (2001). Xenografting of canine ovarian tissue to ovariectomized severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 57, 323–329..
| 1:STN:280:DC%2BD38%2Fmt1WisA%3D%3D&md5=64b914113de938a241931d938fbb8898CAS | 11787169PubMed |
Miyano, T. (2005). JSAR Outstanding Research Award. In vitro growth of mammalian oocytes. J. Reprod. Dev. 51, 169–176.
| JSAR Outstanding Research Award. In vitro growth of mammalian oocytes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 15883483PubMed |
Monniaux, D., Caraty, A., Clément, F., Dalbies-Tran, R., Dupont, J., Fabre, S., Gérard, N., Mermillod, P., Monget, P., and Uzbekova, S. (2009). Développement folliculaire ovarien et ovulation chez les mammifères. INRA Prod. Anim. 22, 59–76..
| 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXpsFCrsbY%3D&md5=2f91883c476a40d2f8634abca3e7c6a1CAS |
O’Brien, J. K., Dwarte, D., Ryan, J. P., Maxwell, W. M., and Evans, G. (1996). Developmental capacity, energy metabolism and ultrastructure of mature oocytes from prepubertal and adult sheep. Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 8, 1029–1037.
| Developmental capacity, energy metabolism and ultrastructure of mature oocytes from prepubertal and adult sheep.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DyaK2s%2FntlGmtg%3D%3D&md5=9c57ee5914ba5cc03ee5e15210c45a1dCAS | 8916278PubMed |
Oh, H. J., Fibrianto, Y. H., Kim, M. K., Jang, G., Hossein, M. S., Kim, H. J., Kang, S. K., Lee, B. C., and Hwang, W. S. (2005). Effects of canine serum collected from dogs at different estrous cycle stages on in vitro nuclear maturation of canine oocytes. Zygote 13, 227–232.
| Effects of canine serum collected from dogs at different estrous cycle stages on in vitro nuclear maturation of canine oocytes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 16261767PubMed |
Onclin, K., and Verstegen, J. P. (1997). Secretion pattern of plasma prolactin and progesterone in pregnant compared with non pregnant dioestrus beagle bitches. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 51, 203–208..
| 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXmvFCksLg%3D&md5=b0a11fad415b02732d360b66bf5813cbCAS | 9404286PubMed |
Otoi, T., Murakami, M., Fujii, M., Tanaka, M., Ooka, A., Une, S., and Suzuki, T. (2000). Development of canine oocytes matured and fertilised in vitro. Vet. Rec. 146, 52–53..
| 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c7kt1arsQ%3D%3D&md5=1c9fe2a400eda461437bb27ab6f195ffCAS | 10678815PubMed |
Otoi, T., Shimizu, R., Naoi, H., Wongsrikeao, P., Agung, B., and Taniguchi, M. (2006). Meiotic competence of canine oocytes embedded in collagen gel. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 41, 17–21.
| Meiotic competence of canine oocytes embedded in collagen gel.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BD28%2FjsVWmsw%3D%3D&md5=91d541a2c0a6505705131f0ebe1747f5CAS | 16420322PubMed |
Otoi, T., Shin, T., Kraemer, D. C., and Westhusin, M. E. (2007). Role of cumulus cells on in vitro maturation of canine oocytes. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 42, 184–189.
| Role of cumulus cells on in vitro maturation of canine oocytes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2s7kvF2qsA%3D%3D&md5=0ab5f9fbb34088bb0a23c9bab9e65eccCAS | 17348976PubMed |
Payan-Carreira, R., and Pires, M. A. (2008). Multioocyte follicles in domestic dogs: a survey of frequency of occurrence. Theriogenology 69, 977–982.
| Multioocyte follicles in domestic dogs: a survey of frequency of occurrence.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BD1c3ks1ShsQ%3D%3D&md5=87bb76c791ac0c5ddbd3299f95116fedCAS | 18358525PubMed |
Pieterse, M. C., Vos, P. L., Kruip, T. A., Wurth, Y. A., van Beneden, T. H., Willemse, A. H., and Taverne, M. A. (1991). Transvaginal ultrasound guided follicular aspiration of bovine oocytes. Theriogenology 35, 857–862.
| Transvaginal ultrasound guided follicular aspiration of bovine oocytes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BD283pvFOitQ%3D%3D&md5=a289cadc5bd29e916b018f538c30573bCAS | 16726954PubMed |
Reynaud K., Saint-Dizier M., and Chastant-Maillard S. (2004). In vitro maturation and fertilization of canine oocytes. In ‘Methods in Molecular Biology. Germ Cell Protocols. Vol. 1: Sperm and Oocyte Analysis’. (Ed. H. Schatten.) pp. 255–272. (Humana Press: Clifton, NJ.)
Reynaud, K., Fontbonne, A., Marseloo, N., Thoumire, S., Chebrout, M., de Lesegno, C. V., and Chastant-Maillard, S. (2005). In vivo meiotic resumption, fertilization and early embryonic development in the bitch. Reproduction 130, 193–201.
| In vivo meiotic resumption, fertilization and early embryonic development in the bitch.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtVSksbvI&md5=730c9aef5fcb0b636ca970be8c67b4d4CAS | 16049157PubMed |
Reynaud, K., Fontbonne, A., Marseloo, N., Viaris de Lesegno, C., Saint-Dizier, M., and Chastant-Maillard, S. (2006a). In vivo canine oocyte maturation, fertilization and early embryogenesis: a review. Theriogenology 66, 1685–1693.
| In vivo canine oocyte maturation, fertilization and early embryogenesis: a review.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 16490243PubMed |
Reynaud K., Chebrout M., Tanguy-Dezaux C., Viaris De Lesegno C., and Chastant-Maillard S. (2006b). Roles of cAMP and cumulus cells during in vitro meiotic resumption of canine oocytes. In ‘Proceedings of the 5th EVSSAR Congress, 7–9 Avril 2006, Budapest, Hungary’. p. 286.
Reynaud, K., Viaris de Lesegno, C., Chebrout, M., Thoumire, S., and Chastant-Maillard, S. (2009). Follicle population, cumulus mucification and oocyte chromatin configuration during the peri-ovulatory period in the female dog. Theriogenology 72, 1120–1131.
| Follicle population, cumulus mucification and oocyte chromatin configuration during the peri-ovulatory period in the female dog.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXht1Wmt7zJ&md5=2e49d32fa69cfe660d2381bbc1057361CAS | 19775739PubMed |
Reynaud, K., Chastant-Maillard, S., Batard, S., Thoumire, S., and Monget, P. (2010). Differences related to dog body size in follicular fluid and blood plasma IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels: impact on ovarian physiology. J. Endocrinol. 206, 85–92..
| 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXptlCmsbc%3D&md5=09727e94d7edd29bd90dfbd0a40564d2CAS | 20406781PubMed |
Robertson J. B., Srsen V., and King W. A. (1992). Cytogenetic and ultrastructural analysis of canine oocytes cultured in vitro. In ‘Proceedings of the 12th International Congress on Animal Reproduction, 23–27 August 1002, The Hague, The Netherlands’. pp. 1808–1810.
Rodrigues, B. A., and Rodrigues, J. L. (2003). Meiotic response of in vitro matured canine oocytes under different proteins and heterologous hormone supplementation. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 38, 58–62.
| Meiotic response of in vitro matured canine oocytes under different proteins and heterologous hormone supplementation.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXitlOmt78%3D&md5=2cdc220558e6123af1b914e63a109c69CAS | 12535331PubMed |
Rodrigues, B. A., dos Santos, L. C., and Rodrigues, J. L. (2006). The effect of hyaluronan concentrations in hST-supplemented TCM 199 on in vitro nuclear maturation of bitch cumulus–oocyte complexes. Theriogenology 66, 1673–1676.
| The effect of hyaluronan concentrations in hST-supplemented TCM 199 on in vitro nuclear maturation of bitch cumulus–oocyte complexes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xps1Oitbc%3D&md5=ddd0e24e1bb5dd2075f17468a60cd1f7CAS | 16458959PubMed |
Rota, A., and Cabianca, G. (2004). In vitro maturation rates of canine oocytes from anoestrous bitches in simple media. Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 44, 105–109.
| In vitro maturation rates of canine oocytes from anoestrous bitches in simple media.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 15270548PubMed |
Saikhun, J., Sriussadaporn, S., Thongtip, N., Pinyopummin, A., and Kitiyanant, Y. (2008). Nuclear maturation and development of IVM/IVF canine embryos in synthetic oviductal fluid or in co-culture with buffalo rat liver cells. Theriogenology 69, 1104–1110.
| Nuclear maturation and development of IVM/IVF canine embryos in synthetic oviductal fluid or in co-culture with buffalo rat liver cells.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BD1c3ptFKhug%3D%3D&md5=9ff9dd9b7c679812875ed89787bfa896CAS | 18367242PubMed |
Saint-Dizier, M., Renard, J. P., and Chastant-Maillard, S. (2001). Induction of final maturation by sperm penetration in canine oocytes. Reproduction 121, 97–105.
| Induction of final maturation by sperm penetration in canine oocytes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXnslarsA%3D%3D&md5=110fd00acbc4d2a90385b6ac2b37d2c4CAS | 11226032PubMed |
Saint-Dizier, M., Reynaud, K., and Chastant-Maillard, S. (2004). Chromatin, microtubules, and kinases activities during meiotic resumption in bitch oocytes. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 68, 205–212.
| Chromatin, microtubules, and kinases activities during meiotic resumption in bitch oocytes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXjvVyjsrY%3D&md5=490060e38145be4277236a5d029afdbcCAS | 15095342PubMed |
Saint-Dizier, M., Jaffré, N., Reynaud, K., Remy, B., Thoumire, S., and Chastant-Maillard, S. (2008). Expression of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinising hormone binding sites in the bitch ovary during the follicular phase. Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 20, 925–934.
| Expression of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinising hormone binding sites in the bitch ovary during the follicular phase.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXht1Oks7%2FN&md5=1c56765d58c4a8b540adbf827526d91eCAS | 19007557PubMed |
Silva, A. E., Rodriguez, P., Cavalcante, L. F., Rodrigues, B. A., and Rodrigues, J. L. (2009). The influence of oxygen tension on cumulus cell viability of canine COCs matured in high-glucose medium. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 44, 259–262.
| The influence of oxygen tension on cumulus cell viability of canine COCs matured in high-glucose medium.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 19754582PubMed |
Sirard, M. A., Parrish, J. J., Ware, C. B., Leibfried-Rutledge, M. L., and First, N. L. (1988). The culture of bovine oocytes to obtain developmentally competent embryos. Biol. Reprod. 39, 546–552.
| The culture of bovine oocytes to obtain developmentally competent embryos.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DyaL1M%2Fmt1GqtA%3D%3D&md5=dbbf1b3556cd33c82431cc7c126200bfCAS | 3196788PubMed |
Sirivaidyapong, S., Bevers, M. M., Gadella, B. M., and Colenbrander, B. (2001). Induction of the acrosome reaction in dog sperm cells is dependent on epididymal maturation: the generation of a functional progesterone receptor is involved. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 58, 451–459.
| Induction of the acrosome reaction in dog sperm cells is dependent on epididymal maturation: the generation of a functional progesterone receptor is involved.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXhs1Shsrs%3D&md5=d19910d1350c9eed20076de2b3718085CAS | 11241783PubMed |
Songsasen, N., Yu, I., and Leibo, S. P. (2002). Nuclear maturation of canine oocytes cultured in protein-free media. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 62, 407–415.
| Nuclear maturation of canine oocytes cultured in protein-free media.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XktlWrsr0%3D&md5=e7390e87e279f01f1662d7fadb815480CAS | 12112606PubMed |
Songsasen, N., Yu, I., Gomez, M., and Leibo, S. P. (2003). Effects of meiosis-inhibiting agents and equine chorionic gonadotropin on nuclear maturation of canine oocytes. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 65, 435–445.
| Effects of meiosis-inhibiting agents and equine chorionic gonadotropin on nuclear maturation of canine oocytes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXlsVKqu7o%3D&md5=359126b09efd305034335f6ac9705706CAS | 12840817PubMed |
Spanel-Borowski, K., and Calvo, W. (1982). Short- and long-term response of the adult dog ovary after 1200 R whole body X-irradiation and transfusion of mononuclear leukocytes. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 41, 657–670.
| Short- and long-term response of the adult dog ovary after 1200 R whole body X-irradiation and transfusion of mononuclear leukocytes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DyaL3s%2Fgs1aitg%3D%3D&md5=551a2cbdf9c989e577055a71a4f40aa4CAS |
Sutter, N. B., Bustamante, C. D., Chase, K., Gray, M. M., Zhao, K., Zhu, L., Padhukasahasram, B., Karlins, E., Davis, S., Jones, P. G., Quignon, P., Johnson, G. S., Parker, H. G., Fretwell, N., Mosher, D. S., Lawler, D. F., Satyaraj, E., Nordborg, M., Lark, K. G., Wayne, R. K., and Ostrander, E. A. A. (2007). Single IGF1 allele is a major determinant of small size in dogs. Science 316, 112–115.
| Single IGF1 allele is a major determinant of small size in dogs.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXjvVarsLk%3D&md5=cdab63f5f47eec65db743e3094ad34a0CAS | 17412960PubMed |
Telfer, E., and Gosden, R. G. (1987). A quantitative cytological study of polyovular follicles in mammalian ovaries with particular reference to the domestic bitch (Canis familiaris). J. Reprod. Fertil. 81, 137–147.
| A quantitative cytological study of polyovular follicles in mammalian ovaries with particular reference to the domestic bitch (Canis familiaris).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DyaL1c%2FjsFyisA%3D%3D&md5=7fbd90336e5af5da9595e31bfdb92a5bCAS | 3668945PubMed |
Tesoriero, J. V. (1982). A morphological, cytochemical, and chromatographic analysis of lipid yolk formation in the oocytes of the dog. Gamete Res. 6, 267–279.
| A morphological, cytochemical, and chromatographic analysis of lipid yolk formation in the oocytes of the dog.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaL3sXmvFKjsA%3D%3D&md5=087c22630e65607efffef9290e7d2929CAS |
Tsutsui, T. (1989). Gamete physiology and timing of ovulation and fertilization in dogs. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 39, 269–275..
| 1:STN:280:DyaK3c7ls1agsw%3D%3D&md5=99a3a79e3a7363da8ae557ef14324b72CAS | 2621728PubMed |
Tsutsui, T., and Shimizu, T. (1975). Studies on the reproduction in the dog. IV. On the fertile period of ovum after ovulation. Jpn J. Anim. Reprod. 21, 65–69..
Tsutsui, T., Takahachi, F., Hori, T., Kawakami, E., and Concannon, P. W. (2009). Prolonged duration of fertility of dog ova. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 44, 230–233.
| Prolonged duration of fertility of dog ova.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 19754575PubMed |
Vannucchi, C. I., de Oliveira, C. M., Marques, M. G., Assumpção, M. E., and Visintin, J. A. (2006). In vitro canine oocyte nuclear maturation in homologous oviductal cell co-culture with hormone-supplemented media. Theriogenology 66, 1677–1681.
| In vitro canine oocyte nuclear maturation in homologous oviductal cell co-culture with hormone-supplemented media.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xps1Oiur4%3D&md5=300114408fe30298c99c244edaeaa69aCAS | 16469368PubMed |
Vannucchi, C. I., Faustino, M., Marques, M. G., Nichi, M., Assumpção, M. E., and Visintin, J. A. (2009). Effects of gonadotropin-exposed medium with high concentrations of progesterone and estradiol-17beta on in vitro maturation of canine oocytes. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Anim. 45, 328–333.
| Effects of gonadotropin-exposed medium with high concentrations of progesterone and estradiol-17beta on in vitro maturation of canine oocytes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXptVamu7g%3D&md5=271fc56557f1654be7f1ba171771c02bCAS | 19266246PubMed |
Viaris de Lesegno, C., Reynaud, K., Longin, C., Thoumire, S., and Chastant-Maillard, S. (2008a). Ultrastructural evaluation of in vitro-matured canine oocytes. Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 20, 626–639.
| Ultrastructural evaluation of in vitro-matured canine oocytes.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 18577360PubMed |
Viaris de Lesegno C., Reynaud K., Thoumire S., and Chastant-Maillard S. (2008b). Transcriptional reactivation during in vivo maturation of canine oocyte. In ‘Proceedings of the 6th EVSSAR congress and 6th International Symposium on Canine and Feline Reproduction, 9–11 July 2008, Vienna’. pp. 283–285.
Wallace, S. S., Mahaffey, M. B., Miller, D. M., Thompson, F. N., and Chakraborty, P. K. (1992). Ultrasonographic appearance of the ovaries of dogs during the follicular and luteal phases of the estrous cycle. Am. J. Vet. Res. 53, 209–215..
| 1:STN:280:DyaK383ks1ersA%3D%3D&md5=c4009f402465b0c9434c7d975e17f0eaCAS | 1575386PubMed |
Whitaker, M. (1996). Control of meiotic arrest. Rev. Reprod. 1, 127–135.
| Control of meiotic arrest.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XksVymu7w%3D&md5=5207cc4620accfefddd0d7cc63fa9ac3CAS | 9414449PubMed |
Wildt, D. E., Panko, W. B., Chakraborty, P. K., and Seager, S. W. J. (1979). Relationship of serum estrone, estradiol-17β and progesterone to LH, sexual behavior and time of ovulation in the bitch. Biol. Reprod. 20, 648–658.
| Relationship of serum estrone, estradiol-17β and progesterone to LH, sexual behavior and time of ovulation in the bitch.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DyaE1MXktFOmtbg%3D&md5=aa8aefebfe7851ad454ade28256e9b3dCAS | 572240PubMed |
Willingham-Rocky, L. A., Hinrichs, K., Westhusin, M. E., and Kraemer, D. C. (2003). Effects of stage of oestrous cycle and progesterone supplementation during culture on maturation of canine oocytes in vitro. Reproduction 126, 501–508.
| Effects of stage of oestrous cycle and progesterone supplementation during culture on maturation of canine oocytes in vitro.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXpt1Clu7c%3D&md5=e722b09b4ce97bfe560a09de740b513cCAS | 14525532PubMed |
Yamada, S., Shimazu, Y., Kawano, Y., Nakazawa, M., Naito, K., and Toyoda, Y. (1993). In vitro maturation and fertilization of preovulatory dog oocyte. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 47, 227–229..
| 1:STN:280:DyaK2c%2Fks1OlsA%3D%3D&md5=8e6fabc3b4f46176dc9ef6da3b784f5eCAS | 8229930PubMed |
