Effect of community mental health care programs in Australia: a systematic review
Renee O’Donnell A , Melissa Savaglio A , Dave Vicary B and Helen Skouteris A C D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Level 1, 43–51 Kanooka Grove, Locked Bag 29, Clayton, Vic. 3168, Australia.
B Baptcare, Level 1/1193 Toorak Road, Camberwell, Vic. 3124, Australia.
C Warwick Business School, University of Warwick, Scarman Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
D Corresponding author. Email: helen.skouteris@monash.edu
Australian Journal of Primary Health 26(6) 443-451 https://doi.org/10.1071/PY20147
Submitted: 17 June 2020 Accepted: 8 September 2020 Published: 12 October 2020
Journal Compilation © La Trobe University 2020 Open Access CC BY-NC-ND
Abstract
Although numerous studies have examined the effects of community-based mental health care programs in Australia, no synthesis of this literature exists. This systematic review of peer-reviewed and grey literature described the types of community-based mental health care programs delivered and evaluated in Australia in the past 20 years, and evaluated their impact in improving outcomes for those with a serious mental illness (SMI). Articles were included if they evaluated the extent to which the programs delivered in Australia improved individual outcomes, including hospitalisations, psychiatric symptoms, substance misuse or psychosocial outcomes, for individuals with an SMI. Forty studies were included. Community-based mental health care programs were categorised into three types: case management (n = 23), therapeutic (n = 11) and lifestyle (n = 6). Therapeutic programs were most effective in reducing psychiatric symptoms. Case management approaches yielded significant improvements in psychosocial outcomes. Lifestyle programs were inconclusive in improving individual outcomes. This review provides support for the implementation of community-based mental health care programs that are informed by both therapeutic and case management principles. A multidisciplinary team that can facilitate the provision of therapeutic and psychosocial support may be most beneficial for those with an SMI within the Australian community.
Keywords: community mental health services, mental health, systematic review.
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