An Evaluation of Community Initiatives in Victoria Directed at Preventing Cancer of the Cervix

Abstract

In 1994/1995 the Cervical Cancer Screening Program of Victoria (CCSPV) was evaluated. One component comprised an evaluation of 12 community initiatives directed at increasing cervical cancer screening rates in high risk and under-screened women. The particular programs under study were selected from a total of 50 across Victoria, using a purposive maximum variation sampling method. Qualitative data were obtained by conducting on site, semi-structured interviews with project staff, which included Community Health Nurses, Community Development Officers and Program Co-ordinators in order to find out how initiatives had been planned, what had been achieved, and what issues had arisen. It was found that Programs working with smaller group sizes, or with individuals, and which created a 'trust' relationship with target groups, particularly by employing a member of the target population, appeared to be more successful in accessing their target populations. Particular difficulties with cervical cancer screening provision included: political unrest between providers and local general practitioners; patients' physical and intellectual barriers; and how providers deal with psycho-social issues of some patients. In addition, frustration was expressed by most agencies with regard to their own project evaluation requirements and processes. In particular, there were no standardised guidelines or procedures for submission writing or project evaluation requirements. Five recommendations for improving efficacy and efficiency of future programs are suggested.