Genotypic variation in whole-plant transpiration efficiency in sorghum only partly aligns with variation in stomatal conductance
Geetika Geetika
A E , Erik J. van Oosterom A , Barbara George-Jaeggli B C , Miranda Y. Mortlock A , Kurt S. Deifel A , Greg McLean D and Graeme L. Hammer A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
B The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Hermitage Research Facility, Warwick, Qld 4370, Australia.
C Agri-Science Queensland, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Warwick, Qld 4370, Australia.
D Agri-Science Queensland, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia.
E Corresponding author. Email: geetika.geetika@uq.net.au
Functional Plant Biology 46(12) 1072-1089 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP18177
Submitted: 4 July 2018 Accepted: 1 July 2019 Published: 16 October 2019
Abstract
Water scarcity can limit sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) production in dryland agriculture, but increased whole-plant transpiration efficiency (TEwp, biomass production per unit of water transpired) can enhance grain yield in such conditions. The objectives of this study were to quantify variation in TEwp for 27 sorghum genotypes and explore the linkages of this variation to responses of the underpinning leaf-level processes to environmental conditions. Individual plants were grown in large lysimeters in two well-watered experiments. Whole-plant transpiration per unit of green leaf area (TGLA) was monitored continuously and stomatal conductance and maximum photosynthetic capacity were measured during sunny conditions on recently expanded leaves. Leaf chlorophyll measurements of the upper five leaves of the main shoot were conducted during early grain filling. TEwp was determined at harvest. The results showed that diurnal patterns in TGLA were determined by vapour pressure deficit (VPD) and by the response of whole-plant conductance to radiation and VPD. Significant genotypic variation in the response of TGLA to VPD occurred and was related to genotypic differences in stomatal conductance. However, variation in TGLA explained only part of the variation in TEwp, with some of the residual variation explained by leaf chlorophyll readings, which were a reflection of photosynthetic capacity. Genotypes with different genetic background often differed in TEwp, TGLA and leaf chlorophyll, indicating potential differences in photosynthetic capacity among these groups. Observed differences in TEwp and its component traits can affect adaptation to drought stress.
Additional keywords: photosynthesis, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, vapour pressure deficit.
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