Free Standard AU & NZ Shipping For All Book Orders Over $80!
Register      Login
New South Wales Public Health Bulletin New South Wales Public Health Bulletin Society
Supporting public health practice in New South Wales
RESEARCH ARTICLE

School-based vaccination in NSW

Kirsten F. Ward A D , Robert I. Menzies A , Helen E. Quinn A B and Sue Campbell-Lloyd C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead

B Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Sydney

C AIDS and Infectious Diseases Branch, NSW Department of Health

D Corresponding author. Email: kirstenw@chw.edu.au

NSW Public Health Bulletin 21(10) 237-242 https://doi.org/10.1071/NB10046
Published: 18 November 2010

Abstract

Over the past decade the number of recommended and funded vaccines for adolescents has increased, becoming a substantial part of the National Immunisation Program in Australia. In response, NSW has implemented disease-specific vaccination campaigns for both children and adolescents and more recently established a routine high school-based vaccination program to administer vaccines to this often hard to reach group. This paper outlines the history of school-based vaccination in NSW from its commencement in 1971 to coverage from early disease-specific programs, and describes the implementation of the current program of routine vaccination. Substantial coverage has been achieved across the age spectrum 5–17 years, highlighting the effectiveness of the school-based vaccination program in reaching large numbers of adolescents.


Acknowledgments

The National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance is supported by The Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing, the NSW Department of Health and The Children’s Hospital at Westmead.


We acknowledge the dedication and work of the large number of individuals who have been responsible for the planning and implementation of school-based vaccination in NSW over the years.


References


[1] Population Health Division. The Health of the people of New South Wales – Report of the Chief Health Officer, Data Book – Communicable Diseases. North Sydney: NSW Department of Health; 2008.

[2] Bisgard KM,  Pascual FB,  Ehresmann KR,  Miller CA,  Cianfrini C,  Jennings CE, et al. Infant pertussis: who was the source? Pediatr Infect Dis J 2004; 23(11): 985–9.
Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | PubMed | (Cited 9 April 2010.)

[15] NSW Department of Health. Internal Report: National Meningococcal C Vaccination Program. NSW School-based Implementation August 2003–December 2004. Unpublished; 2005.

[16] Abbott T. Media Release: $5.6 million to fight NSW whooping cough epidemic. 2004. Available from: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/ministers/publishing.nsf/Content/health-mediarel-yr2004-ta-abb031.htm?OpenDocument&yr=2004&mth=3 (Cited 13 April 2010.)

[17] Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing. Human Papillomavirus (HPV). 2009. Available from: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/immunise/publishing.nsf/Content/immunise-hpv (Cited 12 April 2010.)

[18] NSW Department of Health. NSW Adolescent Vaccination Program 2010 Protocols. Sydney: NSW Government; 2010.

[19] NSW Department of Health. School Based ImmunisationPrograms. 2010. Available from: http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/PublicHealth/Immunisation/school_prog/index.asp#para_2 (Cited 12 April 2010.)

[20] NSW Department of Health. Policy Directive: Immunisation Services – Authority for Registered Nurses PD2008_033. 2008. Sydney: NSW Government; 2008.

[21] St John Ambulance New South Wales. Immunisation Program. 2010. Available from: http://www.stjohnnsw.com.au/t_ip.html (Cited 12 April 2010.)

[22] NSW Department of Education and Training. NSW Public Schools. Secondary Schools – Intensive English Centres. 2009. Available from: http://www.schools.nsw.edu.au/gotoschool/types/intensivecentre/index.php (Cited 12 April 2010.)

[23] Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing. National Vaccine Storage Guidelines: Strive for Five. Canberra: Commonwealth Government; 2005.

[24] Mahajan D,  Campbell-Lloyd S,  Roomiani I,  Menzies RI. NSW annual adverse events following immunisation report, 2009. N S W Public Health Bull 2010; 21(9–10): 224–33.
Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

[25] Lawrence G,  Gold MS,  Hill R,  Deeks S,  Glasswell A,  McIntyre PB. Annual report: surveillance of adverse events following immunisation in Australia, 2007. Commun Dis Intell 2008; 32(4): 371–87.
PubMed |

[26] Hull B,  McIntyre P. Mapping immunisation coverage and conscientious objectors to immunisation in NSW. N S W Public Health Bull 2003; 14(1–2): 8–12.
Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | PubMed |

[27] Hull B,  Dey A,  Mahajan D,  Campbell-Lloyd S,  Menzies RI,  McIntyre PB. NSW Annual Immunisation Coverage Report, 2009. N S W Public Health Bull 2010; 21(9–10): 210–23.
Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

[28] Booth ML,  Knox S,  Kang M. Encounters between adolescents and general practice in Australia. J Paediatr Child Health 2008; 44(12): 699–705.
Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | PubMed |

[29] Humiston SG,  Rosenthal SL. Challenges to vaccinating adolescents: vaccine implementation issues. PediatrInfect Dis J 2005; 24(6, Suppl.): S134–40.
PubMed |

[30] Queensland Government. Evaluation of the School-based Vaccination Program (2007–2009) Stakeholders' Report. Brisbane: Queensland Government; 2010.

[31] Brotherton JM,  Deeks SL,  Campbell-Lloyd S,  Misrachi A,  Passaris I,  Peterson K, et al. Interim estimates of human papillomavirus vaccination coverage in the school-based program in Australia. Commun Dis Intell 2008; 32(4): 457–61.
PubMed |

[32] Dowse G, Watson T, Kwan K, Bowen S. Epidemiology of the 2004 pertussis epidemic in Western Australia and experience with mass dTpa immunisation of high schools students as a control measure. Piecing together the Jigsaw: Communicable Diseases Control Conference; May 2005; Sydney, Australia.

[33] Watson M,  Shaw D,  Molchanoff L,  McInnes C. Challenges, lessons learned and results following the implementation of a human papilloma virus school vaccination program in South Australia. Aust N Z J Public Health 2009; 33(4): 365–70.
Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | PubMed |

[34] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National, state, and local area vaccination coverage among adolescents aged 13–17 years – United States, 2008. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2009; 58(36): 997–1001.
PubMed |

[35] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Recommended immunization schedules for persons aged 0 through 18 years – United States, 2010. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2010; 58(51–52): 1–4.